Related papers: Indian Kidney Exchange Program: A Game Theoretic P…
Precision medicine involves developing individualized treatment regimes (ITRs) which allow for treatment decisions to be tailored to patient characteristics. Naturally, the identification of the optimal regime, that is, the rule which…
Kidneys are the filter of the human body. About 10% of the global population is thought to be affected by Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), which causes kidney function to decline. To protect in danger patients from additional kidney damage,…
Early detection of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is essential for preventing progression to end-stage renal disease. However, existing screening tools - primarily developed using populations from high-income countries - often underperform in…
We consider multi-item exchange markets in which agents want to receive one of their target bundles of resources. The model encompasses well-studied markets for kidney exchange, lung exchange, and multi-organ exchange. We identify a general…
Acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Development of novel methods to identify patients with AKI earlier will allow for testing of novel strategies to prevent or reduce…
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a gradual loss of renal function over time, and it increases the risk of mortality, decreased quality of life, as well as serious complications. The prevalence of CKD has been increasing in the last couple of…
Patients with end-stage kidney disease can expect to wait for several years before they receive a transplant, all the while their health deteriorates. How would the survival change if we managed to reduce these waiting times? To provide an…
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious clinical condition that affects up to 20% of hospitalised patients. AKI is associated with short term unplanned hospital readmission and post-discharge mortality risk. Patient risk and healthcare…
The K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) algorithm is widely used for classification and regression; however, it suffers from limitations, including the equal treatment of all samples. We propose Information-Modified KNN (IM-KNN), a novel approach…
India generates vast biomedical data through postgraduate research, government hospital services and audits, government schemes, private hospitals and their electronic medical record (EMR) systems, insurance programs and standalone clinics.…
We propose a simulation-optimization-based methodology to improve the way that organ transplant offers are made to potential recipients. Our policy can be applied to all types of organs, is implemented starting at the local level, is…
In the analysis of machine learning models, it is often convenient to assume that the parameters are IID. This assumption is not satisfied when the parameters are updated through training processes such as SGD. A relaxation of the IID…
Knee points, characterised as their smallest trade-off loss at all objectives, are attractive to decision makers in multi-criterion decision-making. In contrast, other Pareto-optimal solutions are less attractive since a small improvement…
Medical institutions are considering the use of LLMs in high-stakes clinical decision-making, such as organ allocation. In such sensitive use cases, evaluating fairness is imperative. However, existing evaluation methods often fall short;…
One cannot make truly fair decisions using integer linear programs unless one controls the selection probabilities of the (possibly many) optimal solutions. For this purpose, we propose a unified framework when binary decision variables…
Kidney cancer is a global health concern, and accurate assessment of patient frailty is crucial for optimizing surgical outcomes. This paper introduces AI Age Discrepancy, a novel metric derived from machine learning analysis of…
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a slowly progressive disorder that can eventually require renal replacement therapy (RRT) including dialysis or renal transplantation. Early identification of patients who will require RRT (as much as…
Binary kinetic exchange models, where money is shuffled between two agents at a time, reproduce the Boltzmann Gibbs exponential wealth distribution but cannot address the multi party trades common in real markets. We generalize the exchange…
We present a numerical study of several inequality measures across two kinetic wealth exchange models with extreme inequality features (namely the Banerjee model, and the Chakraborti or Yard Sale model) and two earthquake simulating models…
Joint replacement is the most common inpatient surgical treatment in the US. We investigate the clinical pathway optimization for knee replacement, which is a sequential decision process from onset to recovery. Based on episodic claims from…