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Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) has been richly researched in past years particularly with regard to range-based or visual-based sensors. Instead of deploying dedicated devices that use visual features, it is more pragmatic to…

The focus on privacy-related measures regarding wireless networks grew in last couple of years. This is especially important with technologies like Wi-Fi or Bluetooth, which are all around us and our smartphones use them not just for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Tomas Bravenec , Joaquín Torres-Sospedra , Michael Gould , Tomas Fryza

Modern operating systems increasingly randomize Media Access Control (MAC) addresses to protect user privacy, fundamentally disrupting Network Access Control (NAC) systems that have relied on MAC addresses as persistent device identifiers…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Premanand Seralathan

This project is an exploration into analysing WiFi probe requests, a management frame described as part of the IEEE 802.11 protocol which publicly broadcasts the senders MAC address. The intention was to collect these probe requests to use…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Oisín Kyne

Accurately estimating the number of objects in a single image is a challenging yet meaningful task and has been applied in many applications such as urban planning and public safety. In the various object counting tasks, crowd counting is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-31 Guangshuai Gao , Junyu Gao , Qingjie Liu , Qi Wang , Yunhong Wang

We propose a multitask approach for crowd counting and person localization in a unified framework. As the detection and localization tasks are well-correlated and can be jointly tackled, our model benefits from a multitask solution by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Mohsen Zand , Haleh Damirchi , Andrew Farley , Mahdiyar Molahasani , Michael Greenspan , Ali Etemad

Understanding crowd behaviors in a large social event is crucial for event management. Passive WiFi sensing, by collecting WiFi probe requests sent from mobile devices, provides a better way to monitor crowds compared with people counters…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-02-12 Yuren Zhou , Billy Pik Lik Lau , Zann Koh , Chau Yuen , Benny Kai Kiat Ng

Recently, the research of wireless sensing has achieved more intelligent results, and the intelligent sensing of human location and activity can be realized by means of WiFi devices. However, most of the current human environment perception…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-14 Shangqing Liu , Yanchao Zhao , Fanggang Xue , Bing Chen , Xiang Chen

An important aspect of crowd monitoring is knowing how many people we are dealing with. Sometimes, knowing the size of a crowd in a single location and at a specific moment is enough. Matters become problematic when counting the same people…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Fatemeh Marzani , Thijs van Ede , Geert Heijenk , Maarten van Steen

Crowd density level estimation is an essential aspect of crowd safety since it helps to identify areas of probable overcrowding and required conditions. Nowadays, AI systems can help in various sectors. Here for safety purposes or many for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Mahira Arefin , Md. Anwar Hussen Wadud , Anichur Rahman

Distributed medium access control (MAC) protocols are essential for the proliferation of low cost, decentralized wireless local area networks (WLANs). Most MAC protocols are designed with the presumption that nodes comply with prescribed…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Khoa Tran Phan , Jaeok Park , Mihaela van der Schaar

In cognitive radio networks, spectrum sensing is a crucial technique to discover spectrum opportunities for the Secondary Users (SUs). The quality of spectrum sensing is evaluated by both sensing accuracy and sensing efficiency. Here,…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2013-04-23 Yi Liu , Shengli Xie , Rong Yu , Yan Zhang , Chau Yuen

In random-access communication systems, the number of active users varies with time, and has considerable bearing on receiver's performance. Thus, techniques aimed at identifying not only the information transmitted, but also that number,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Ezio Biglieri , Marco Lops

In this paper, we present a novel methodology for crowd size estimation using monostatic mmWave radar. Our aim is to accurately count large crowds that follow a non-uniform spatial distribution. Our estimation approach relies on the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-11 Anurag Pallaprolu , Aaditya Prakash Kattekola , Winston Hurst , Upamanyu Madhow , Ashutosh Sabharwal , Yasamin Mostofi

Crowd counting is one of the core tasks in various surveillance applications. A practical system involves estimating accurate head counts in dynamic scenarios under different lightning, camera perspective and occlusion states. Previous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-27 Li Wang , Weiyuan Shao , Yao Lu , Hao Ye , Jian Pu , Yingbin Zheng

We design a cross-layer approach to optimize the joint use of multi-packet reception and network coding, in order to relieve congestion. We construct a model for the behavior of the 802.11 MAC and apply it to several key canonical topology…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2011-02-01 Jason Cloud , Linda Zeger , Muriel Médard

State-of-the-art methods for counting people in crowded scenes rely on deep networks to estimate crowd density. They typically use the same filters over the whole image or over large image patches. Only then do they estimate local scale to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Weizhe Liu , Mathieu Salzmann , Pascal Fua

Abstract. Since the introduction of active discovery in Wi-Fi networks, users can be tracked via their probe requests. Although manufacturers typically try to conceal Media Access Control (MAC) addresses using MAC address randomisation,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Johanna Ansohn McDougall , Alessandro Brighente , Anne Kunstmann , Niklas Zapatka , Hannes Federrath

Autonomous systems such as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) need to be able to recognise and track crowds of people, e.g. for rescuing and surveillance purposes. Large groups generate multiple measurements with uncertain origin.…

Crowd counting aims to count the number of instantaneous people in a crowded space, and many promising solutions have been proposed for single image crowd counting. With the ubiquitous video capture devices in public safety field, how to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Xingjiao Wu , Baohan Xu , Yingbin Zheng , Hao Ye , Jing Yang , Liang He