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ML-based malware detection on dynamic analysis reports is vulnerable to both evasion and spurious correlations. In this work, we investigate a specific ML architecture employed in the pipeline of a widely-known commercial antivirus company,…

While vision and multimodal foundation models underpin critical tasks from perception to complex reasoning, they remain highly vulnerable to adversarial attacks. However, traditional adversarial attacks are typically limited to single,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Ye Sun , Xin Wang , Jiaming Zhang , Yifeng Gao , Yixu Wang , Yifan Ding , Qixian Zhang , Henghui Ding , Xingjun Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

Machine learning based solutions have been very helpful in solving problems that deal with immense amounts of data, such as malware detection and classification. However, deep neural networks have been found to be vulnerable to adversarial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-12 Daniel Park , Bülent Yener

Due to the proliferation of malware, defenders are increasingly turning to automation and machine learning as part of the malware detection tool-chain. However, machine learning models are susceptible to adversarial attacks, requiring the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Maria Rigaki , Sebastian Garcia

The vulnerabilities of deep neural networks against adversarial examples have become a significant concern for deploying these models in sensitive domains. Devising a definitive defense against such attacks is proven to be challenging, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Xuwang Yin , Soheil Kolouri , Gustavo K. Rohde

The widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs), exemplified by OpenAI's ChatGPT, brings to the forefront the imperative to defend against adversarial threats on these models. These attacks, which manipulate an LLM's output by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Amelia Kawasaki , Andrew Davis , Houssam Abbas

Digital systems find it challenging to keep up with cybersecurity threats. The daily emergence of more than 560,000 new malware strains poses significant hazards to the digital ecosystem. The traditional malware detection methods fail to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Abrar Fahim , Shamik Dey , Md. Nurul Absur , Md Kamrul Siam , Md. Tahmidul Huque , Jafreen Jafor Godhuli

Pre-trained transformers are popular in state-of-the-art dialogue generation (DG) systems. Such language models are, however, vulnerable to various adversarial samples as studied in traditional tasks such as text classification, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Yufei Li , Zexin Li , Yingfan Gao , Cong Liu

Adversarial attacks are a serious threat to the reliable deployment of machine learning models in safety-critical applications. They can misguide current models to predict incorrectly by slightly modifying the inputs. Recently, substantial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Xiaomei Zhang , Zhaoxi Zhang , Qi Zhong , Xufei Zheng , Yanjun Zhang , Shengshan Hu , Leo Yu Zhang

Adversarial attacks on deep-learning models pose a serious threat to their reliability and security. Existing defense mechanisms are narrow addressing a specific type of attack or being vulnerable to sophisticated attacks. We propose a new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Mouna Rabhi , Roberto Di Pietro

As the number and complexity of malware attacks continue to increase, there is an urgent need for effective malware detection systems. While deep learning models are effective at detecting malware, they are vulnerable to adversarial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Mahesh Datta Sai Ponnuru , Likhitha Amasala , Tanu Sree Bhimavarapu , Guna Chaitanya Garikipati

Adversarial prompt attacks can significantly alter the reliability of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems by re-ranking them to produce incorrect outputs. In this paper, we present a novel method that applies Differential Evolution…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Jerry Wang , Fang Yu

Vulnerability of various machine learning methods to adversarial examples has been recently explored in the literature. Power systems which use these vulnerable methods face a huge threat against adversarial examples. To this end, we first…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Jiwei Tian , Buhong Wang , Jing Li , Zhen Wang , Mete Ozay

Deep learning (DL) models for natural language-to-code generation have become integral to modern software development pipelines. However, their heavy reliance on large amounts of data, often collected from unsanitized online sources,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Cristina Improta

In recent years, there has been a surge in malware attacks across critical infrastructures, requiring further research and development of appropriate response and remediation strategies in malware detection and classification. Several works…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Quincy Card , Kshitiz Aryal , Maanak Gupta

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are known to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks even under a black-box setting where the adversary can only query the model. Particularly, query-based black-box adversarial attacks estimate adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Xin Wang , Kai Chen , Xingjun Ma , Zhineng Chen , Jingjing Chen , Yu-Gang Jiang

Malicious software (malware) is a major cyber threat that has to be tackled with Machine Learning (ML) techniques because millions of new malware examples are injected into cyberspace on a daily basis. However, ML is vulnerable to attacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Deqiang Li , Qianmu Li , Yanfang Ye , Shouhuai Xu

In recent years, defending adversarial perturbations to natural examples in order to build robust machine learning models trained by deep neural networks (DNNs) has become an emerging research field in the conjunction of deep learning and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-10 Pei-Hsuan Lu , Pin-Yu Chen , Kang-Cheng Chen , Chia-Mu Yu

Recently researchers have proposed using deep learning-based systems for malware detection. Unfortunately, all deep learning classification systems are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Previous work has studied adversarial attacks against…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-12-19 Jack W. Stokes , De Wang , Mady Marinescu , Marc Marino , Brian Bussone

Deep learning models are known to be vulnerable to adversarial examples. A practical adversarial attack should require as little as possible knowledge of attacked models. Current substitute attacks need pre-trained models to generate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-01 Mingyi Zhou , Jing Wu , Yipeng Liu , Xiaolin Huang , Shuaicheng Liu , Xiang Zhang , Ce Zhu