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Related papers: ColBERTv2: Effective and Efficient Retrieval via L…

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Multi-vector dense models, such as ColBERT, have proven highly effective in information retrieval. ColBERT's late interaction scoring approximates the joint query-document attention seen in cross-encoders while maintaining inference…

Late interaction retrieval methods, pioneered by ColBERT, have emerged as a powerful alternative to single-vector neural IR. By leveraging fine-grained, token-level representations, they have been demonstrated to deliver strong…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Benjamin Clavié , Xianming Li , Antoine Chaffin , Omar Khattab , Tom Aarsen , Manuel Faysse , Jing Li

Recent progress in neural information retrieval has demonstrated large gains in effectiveness, while often sacrificing the efficiency and interpretability of the neural model compared to classical approaches. This paper proposes ColBERTer,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-03-25 Sebastian Hofstätter , Omar Khattab , Sophia Althammer , Mete Sertkan , Allan Hanbury

Vector embeddings from pre-trained language models form a core component in Neural Information Retrieval systems across a multitude of knowledge extraction tasks. The paradigm of late interaction, introduced in ColBERT, demonstrates high…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Raj Nath Patel , Sourav Dutta

In this work, we tackle the problem of text-to-video retrieval (T2VR). Inspired by the success of late interaction techniques in text-document, text-image, and text-video retrieval, our approach, Video-ColBERT, introduces a simple and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Arun Reddy , Alexander Martin , Eugene Yang , Andrew Yates , Kate Sanders , Kenton Murray , Reno Kriz , Celso M. de Melo , Benjamin Van Durme , Rama Chellappa

The late interaction paradigm introduced with ColBERT stands out in the neural Information Retrieval space, offering a compelling effectiveness-efficiency trade-off across many benchmarks. Efficient late interaction retrieval is based on an…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Thibault Formal , Stéphane Clinchant , Hervé Déjean , Carlos Lassance

Neural information retrieval systems excel in high-resource languages but remain underexplored for morphologically rich, lower-resource languages such as Turkish. Dense bi-encoders currently dominate Turkish IR, yet late-interaction models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Özay Ezerceli , Mahmoud El Hussieni , Selva Taş , Reyhan Bayraktar , Fatma Betül Terzioğlu , Yusuf Çelebi , Yağız Asker

Pre-trained language models are increasingly important components across multiple information retrieval (IR) paradigms. Late interaction, introduced with the ColBERT model and recently refined in ColBERTv2, is a popular paradigm that holds…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Keshav Santhanam , Omar Khattab , Christopher Potts , Matei Zaharia

This paper introduces Sparsified Late Interaction for Multi-vector (SLIM) retrieval with inverted indexes. Multi-vector retrieval methods have demonstrated their effectiveness on various retrieval datasets, and among them, ColBERT is the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Minghan Li , Sheng-Chieh Lin , Xueguang Ma , Jimmy Lin

Recent progress in Natural Language Understanding (NLU) is driving fast-paced advances in Information Retrieval (IR), largely owed to fine-tuning deep language models (LMs) for document ranking. While remarkably effective, the ranking…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-06-05 Omar Khattab , Matei Zaharia

Reliable biomedical and clinical retrieval requires more than strong ranking performance: it requires a practical way to find systematic model failures and curate the training evidence needed to correct them. Late-interaction models such as…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-22 François Remy

ColBERT introduced a late interaction mechanism that independently encodes queries and documents using BERT, and computes similarity via fine-grained interactions over token-level vector representations. This design enables expressive…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Archish S , Ankit Garg , Kirankumar Shiragur , Neeraj Kayal

In this work, we introduce a German version for ColBERT, a late interaction multi-dense vector retrieval method, with a focus on RAG applications. We also present the main features of our package for ColBERT models, supporting both…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Thuong Dang , Qiqi Chen

With the development of pre-trained language models, the dense retrieval models have become promising alternatives to the traditional retrieval models that rely on exact match and sparse bag-of-words representations. Different from most…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Qi Liu , Gang Guo , Jiaxin Mao , Zhicheng Dou , Ji-Rong Wen , Hao Jiang , Xinyu Zhang , Zhao Cao

Visual Document Retrieval (VDR) is an emerging research area that focuses on encoding and retrieving document images directly, bypassing the dependence on Optical Character Recognition (OCR) for document search. A recent advance in VDR was…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Jingfen Qiao , Jia-Huei Ju , Xinyu Ma , Evangelos Kanoulas , Andrew Yates

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems have been popular for generative applications, powering language models by injecting external knowledge. Companies have been trying to leverage their large catalog of documents (e.g. PDFs,…

Late-interaction models such as ColBERT offer competitive performance across various retrieval tasks but require storing a dense embedding for each document token, leading to a substantial index storage overhead. Past works address this by…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yash Kankanampati , Yuxuan Zong , Nadi Tomeh , Benjamin Piwowarski , Joseph Le Roux

Late interaction neural IR models like ColBERT offer a competitive effectiveness-efficiency trade-off across many benchmarks. However, they require a huge memory space to store the contextual representation for all the document tokens. Some…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Yuxuan Zong , Benjamin Piwowarski

Neural ranking has become a cornerstone of modern information retrieval. While single vector search remains the dominant paradigm, it suffers from the shortcoming of compressing all the information into a single vector. This compression…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Antoine Chaffin , Raphaël Sourty

Multi-vector representations generated by late interaction models, such as ColBERT, enable superior retrieval quality compared to single-vector representations in information retrieval applications. In multi-vector retrieval systems, both…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Elias Jääsaari , Ville Hyvönen , Teemu Roos
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