Related papers: Ethereum Emissions: A Bottom-up Estimate
Cloud computing recently developed into a viable alternative to on-premises systems for executing high-performance computing (HPC) applications. With the emergence of new vendors and hardware options, there is now a growing need to…
The use of energy by cryptocurrency mining comes not just with an environmental cost but also an economic one through increases in electricity prices for other consumers. Here we investigate the increase in wholesale price on Texas ERCOT…
The research delves into the capabilities of a transformer-based neural network for Ethereum cryptocurrency price forecasting. The experiment runs around the hypothesis that cryptocurrency prices are strongly correlated with other…
As the public Ethereum network surpasses half a billion transactions and enterprise Blockchain systems becoming highly capable of meeting the demands of global deployments, production Blockchain applications are fast becoming commonplace…
In this paper, the modeling of building end-use energy profile is comprehensively investigated. Top-down and Bottom-up approaches are discussed with a focus on the latter for better integration with occupant information. Compared to the…
While the transition to electric vehicles (EVs) is essential for decarbonizing the transportation system, the production and distribution of EVs entail substantial carbon costs. To ensure these emissions are accurately accounted for and…
Understanding the earth's climate system and how it might be changing is a preeminent scientific challenge. Global climate models are used to simulate past, present, and future climates, and experiments are executed continuously on an array…
The Ethereum blockchain has a \emph{gas system} that associates operations with a cost in gas units. Two central concepts of this system are the \emph{gas limit} assigned by the issuer of a transaction and the \emph{gas used} by a…
In this paper we propose a methodology suitable for a comprehensive analysis of the global embodied energy flow trough a complex network approach. To this end, we extend the existing literature, providing a multilayer framework based on the…
There is a general need of elaborating energy-effective solutions for managing our increasingly dense interconnected world. The problem should be tackled in multiple dimensions -technology, society, economics, law, regulations, and…
In September 2022, Ethereum transitioned from Proof-of-Work (PoW) to Proof-of-Stake (PoS) during "the merge" - making it the largest PoS cryptocurrency in terms of market capitalization. With this work, we present a comprehensive…
Blockchain systems, such as Ethereum, use an approach called "metering" to assign a cost to smart contract execution, an approach which is designed to incentivise miners to operate the network and protect it against DoS attacks. In the…
It is interesting but difficult and challenging to study Ethereum with multiple mining pools. One of the main difficulties comes from not only how to represent such a general tree with multiple block branches (or sub-chains) related to the…
Blockchain technology, beyond cryptocurrencies, is called to be the new information exchange ecosystem due to its unique properties, such as immutability and transparency. The main objective of this work is to introduce the design of a…
With the rapid acceleration of ML/AI research in the last couple of years, the energy consumption of the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) domain has rapidly increased. As a major part of this energy consumption is due to…
Blockchain is the underlying technology for cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin. Blockchain is a robust distributed ledger that uses consensus algorithms to approve transactions in a decentralized manner, making malicious tampering extremely…
In this paper we outline the results of a project to evaluate the total climate/carbon impact of a digital research infrastructure for a defined snapshot period. We outline the carbon model used to calculate the impact and the data…
For various reasons including those related to climate changes, {\em energy} has become a critical concern in all relevant activities and technical designs. For the specific case of computer activities, the problem is exacerbated with the…
Nowadays, we are witnessing the advent of the Internet of Things (EC) with numerous devices performing interactions between them or with end users. The huge number of devices leads to huge volumes of collected data that demand the…
We make a case for "planetary computing" -- infrastructure to handle the ingestion, transformation, analysis and publication of global data products for furthering environmental science and enabling better informed policy-making. We draw on…