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Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable proficiency across various tasks. Given the potent applications of LLMs in numerous fields, there has been a surge in LLM development. In developing LLMs, a common…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Chen-An Li , Hung-Yi Lee

Catastrophic forgetting describes the fact that machine learning models will likely forget the knowledge of previously learned tasks after the learning process of a new one. It is a vital problem in the continual learning scenario and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Wenjie Jiang , Zhide Lu , Dong-Ling Deng

Models trained on a new task typically degrade on prior tasks, a phenomenon known as forgetting. Traditionally, mitigating forgetting has required replaying stored exemplars from prior tasks, which is often impractical. By contrast,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Martin Marek , Dongkyu Cho , Shikai Qiu , Rumi Chunara , Pavel Izmailov , Andrew Gordon Wilson

The ability of machine learning systems to learn continually is hindered by catastrophic forgetting, the tendency of neural networks to overwrite previously acquired knowledge when learning a new task. Existing methods mitigate this problem…

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has been successful in various domains like robotics, game playing, and simulation. While RL agents have shown impressive capabilities in their specific tasks, they insufficiently adapt to new tasks. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Thomas Schmied , Markus Hofmarcher , Fabian Paischer , Razvan Pascanu , Sepp Hochreiter

Mitigating catastrophic forgetting is a key hurdle in continual learning. Deep Generative Replay (GR) provides techniques focused on generating samples from prior tasks to enhance the model's memory capabilities using generative AI models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Khanh Doan , Quyen Tran , Tung Lam Tran , Tuan Nguyen , Dinh Phung , Trung Le

When language models (LMs) are trained to forget (or "unlearn'') a skill, how precisely does their behavior change? We study the behavior of transformer LMs in which tasks have been forgotten via fine-tuning on randomized labels. Such LMs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Eric Zhang , Leshem Chosen , Jacob Andreas

Pre-trained models are nowadays a fundamental component of machine learning research. In continual learning, they are commonly used to initialize the model before training on the stream of non-stationary data. However, pre-training is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Andrea Cossu , Tinne Tuytelaars , Antonio Carta , Lucia Passaro , Vincenzo Lomonaco , Davide Bacciu

Recently, data-driven based Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems have achieved state-of-the-art results. And transfer learning is often used when those existing systems are adapted to the target domain, e.g., fine-tuning, retraining.…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-04-18 Jiabin Xue , Jiqing Han , Tieran Zheng , Xiang Gao , Jiaxing Guo

Autonomous machine learning systems that learn many tasks in sequence are prone to the catastrophic forgetting problem. Mathematical theory is needed in order to understand the extent of forgetting during continual learning. As a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Daniel Goldfarb , Paul Hand

Multi-task reinforcement learning endeavors to efficiently leverage shared information across various tasks, facilitating the simultaneous learning of multiple tasks. Existing approaches primarily focus on parameter sharing with carefully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Jinmin He , Kai Li , Yifan Zang , Haobo Fu , Qiang Fu , Junliang Xing , Jian Cheng

Despite advances in deep learning, neural networks can only learn multiple tasks when trained on them jointly. When tasks arrive sequentially, they lose performance on previously learnt tasks. This phenomenon called catastrophic forgetting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-29 Nitin Kamra , Umang Gupta , Yan Liu

Given the ability to model more realistic and dynamic problems, Federated Continual Learning (FCL) has been increasingly investigated recently. A well-known problem encountered in this setting is the so-called catastrophic forgetting, for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Giuseppe Serra , Florian Buettner

Neural networks tend to gradually forget the previously learned knowledge when learning multiple tasks sequentially from dynamic data distributions. This problem is called \textit{catastrophic forgetting}, which is a fundamental challenge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Chenze Shao , Yang Feng

Catastrophic forgetting is one of the most critical challenges in Continual Learning (CL). Recent approaches tackle this problem by projecting the gradient update orthogonal to the gradient subspace of existing tasks. While the results are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Cheng Chen , Ji Zhang , Jingkuan Song , Lianli Gao

We present Gaussian Mixture Replay (GMR), a rehearsal-based approach for continual learning (CL) based on Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM). CL approaches are intended to tackle the problem of catastrophic forgetting (CF), which occurs for Deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Benedikt Pfülb , Alexander Gepperth

The use of pre-trained language models fine-tuned to address specific downstream tasks is a common approach in natural language processing (NLP). However, acquiring domain-specific knowledge via fine-tuning is challenging. Traditional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Sangyeon Cho , Jangyeong Jeon , Dongjoon Lee , Changhee Lee , Junyeong Kim

Current training regimes for deep learning usually involve exposure to a single task / dataset at a time. Here we start from the observation that in this context the trained model is not given any knowledge of anything outside its…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Giacomo Spigler

Pre-trained large-scale vision-language models (VLMs) have acquired profound understanding of general visual concepts. Recent advancements in efficient transfer learning (ETL) have shown remarkable success in fine-tuning VLMs within the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Haoxing Chen , Yaohui Li , Zizheng Huang , Yan Hong , Zhuoer Xu , Zhangxuan Gu , Jun Lan , Huijia Zhu , Weiqiang Wang

Modern Neural Machine Translation systems exhibit strong performance in several different languages and are constantly improving. Their ability to learn continuously is, however, still severely limited by the catastrophic forgetting issue.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Michele Resta , Davide Bacciu