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An ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond is an attractive device to detect small magnetic fields. In particular, by exploiting the fact that the NV center can be aligned along one of four different axes due to symmetry, it is…

An ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond is a fascinating candidate to realize a sensitive magnetic field sensor. In particular, since the axes of the NV centers are distributed along four directions, a collection of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-20 Ken Yahata , Yuichiro Matsuzaki , Shiro Saito , Hideyuki Watanabe , Junko Ishi-Hayase

Nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have precipitated profound advances in microwave detection, manifesting themselves both in spatial resolution and sensitivity. However, typical methods based on Rabi oscillations are subject to…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-12-09 Xiu-Qi Chen , Rui-Zhi Zhang , Gang-Qin Liu , Huijie Zheng

Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have useful properties for detecting both AC and DC magnetic fields with high sensitivity at nano-scale resolution. Vector detection of AC magnetic fields can be achieved by using NV centers having…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-13 Pooja Lamba , Akshat Rana , Sougata Halder , Siddharth Dhomkar , Dieter Suter , Rama K. Kamineni

Imaging of microwave magnetic fields with nano-scale resolution has interesting applications. Specifically, detecting the orientation of the microwave fields is useful in condensed matter physics and quantum control. However, most of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-13 Akshat Rana , Pooja Lamba , Atanu Ghosh , Siddharth Dhomkar , Rama K. Kamineni

On-chip magnetic field sensing with Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centers in diamond requires scalable integration of 3D waveguides into diamond substrates. Here, we develop a sensing array device with an ensemble of shallow implanted NV centers…

Sensing vector magnetic fields is critical to many applications in fundamental physics, bioimaging, and material science. Magnetic-field sensors exploiting nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers are particularly compelling as they offer high…

In this Letter, we proposed and experimentally demonstrated a method to detect vector magnetic field with a single nitrogen vacancy (NV) center in diamond. The magnetic field in parallel with the axis of the NV center can be obtained by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-24 X. -D. Chen , F. -W. Sun , C. -L. Zou , J. -M. Cui , L. -M. Zhou , G. -C. Guo

The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond has become a widely used platform for quantum sensing. The four NV axes in mono-crystalline diamond specifically allow for vector magnetometry, with magnetic-field sensitivities reaching down to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-25 Dennis Lönard , Isabel Cardoso Barbosa , Stefan Johansson , Jonas Gutsche , Artur Widera

Nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond are optically addressable and versatile light-matter interfaces with practical application in magnetic field sensing, offering the ability to operate at room temperature and reach sensitivities below…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-10-15 Arezoo Afshar , Andrew Proppe , Noah Lupu-Gladstein , Lilian Childress , Aaron Z. Goldberg , Khabat Heshami

Magnetometry with nitrogen-vacancy color centers in diamond has gained significant interest among researchers in recent years. Absolute knowledge of the three-dimensional orientation of the magnetic field is necessary for many applications.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-01 S. Sengottuvel , M. Mrózek , M. Sawczak , M. J. Głowacki , M. Ficek , W. Gawlik , A. M. Wojciechowski

Detection of AC magnetic fields at the nanoscale is critical in applications ranging from fundamental physics to materials science. Isolated quantum spin defects, such as the nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond, can achieve the desired…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-06-25 Guoqing Wang , Yi-Xiang Liu , Yuan Zhu , Paola Cappellaro

Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond are considered sensors for detecting magnetic fields. Pulsed optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) is typically used to detect AC magnetic fields; however, this technique can only be…

Quantum sensors based on nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have been a central topic in the sensing community for more than a decade. The extraordinary properties at room temperature of the spin system in diamond have made it one of…

Non-invasive imaging of microwave (MW) magnetic fields with microscale lateral resolution is pivotal for various applications, such as MW technologies and integrated circuit failure analysis. Diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center…

By using an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers, the vector components of a time-varying (AC) magnetic field are measured in a phase sensitive manner. This allows for the determination of the magnetic field's polarization. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-01 M. S. J. Barson , T. J. Christie , J. P. Duff , K. Helmerson

We demonstrate vector magnetometry with an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond without the need for an external bias field. The anisotropy of the electric dipole moments of the NV center reduces the ambiguity of the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-01-05 Franz Münzhuber , Johannes Kleinlein , Tobias Kiessling , Laurens W. Molenkamp

A wide-field magnetometer utilizing nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond that does not require microwaves is demonstrated. It is designed for applications where microwaves need to be avoided, such as magnetic imaging of biological or…

Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond provide a solid-state platform for quantum sensing. While optically detected magnetic resonance techniques offer high sensitivity, their reliance on microwaves introduces heating and stray…

In quantum sensing of magnetic fields, ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond offer high sensitivity, high bandwidth and outstanding spatial resolution while operating in harsh environments. Moreover, the orientation of defect…

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