Related papers: Gravitational lens on de-Sitter background
We derive angle differences between two null geodesics, propagating from light sources to an observer, on the de Sitter spacetime with multi-lensing objects. Assuming the lensing objects are mass monopoles on the de Sitter background, we…
The deflection and gravitational lensing of light and massive particles in arbitrary static, spherically symmetric and asymptotically (anti-)de Sitter spacetimes are considered in this work. We first proved that for spacetimes whose metric…
This paper extends the de-Sitter/anti-de Sitter (dS/AdS) background method based on the optical metric for gravitational lens [Phys. Rev. D 105, 084022 (2022)] to a static optical constant-curvature (SOCC) background. It is shown that the…
Gravitational lensing is the phenomenon arising when light rays are deflected by the mass between the source and the observer. Largely magnified and highly distorted images of background galaxies are formed by these angular deflections if…
If it is hypothesised that there is no dark matter then some alternative gravitational theory must take the place of general relativity (GR) on the largest scales. Dynamical measurements can be used to investigate the nature of such a…
In this work we introduced a new proposal to study the gravitational lensing theory by spherical lenses, starting from its surface mass density $\Sigma(x)$ written in terms of a decreasing function $f$ of a dimensionless coordinate $x$ on…
In this work we investigate gravitational lensing effect in strong field region around a dilaton black holes in an anti de Sitter (ADS) space. We also analyse the dependence of the radius of the photon sphere and deflection angle on dilaton…
We investigate the gravitational lensing of a Schwarzschild-de Sitter black hole with a global monopole at finite distances. In this asymptotically nonflat spacetime, the deflection angle of light is decomposed into two parts: the first…
The precision reached by current and forthcoming strong-lensing observations requires to accurately model various perturbations to the main deflector. Hitherto, theoretical models have been developed to account for either cosmological…
The method of Rindler and Ishak enables one to study how light is bent in the vicinity of a non-rotating and spherically symmetric gravitational lens. This method mainly aims to investigate the role of cosmological constant in the…
We present a framework that reformulates gravitational lensing as an optical phenomenon governed by an effective refractive index, enabling exploration of modified gravity theories using undergraduate-level mathematics and optics. After…
It is known that a relative translational motion between the deflector and the observer affects gravitational lensing. In this paper, a lens equation is obtained to describe such effects on actual lensing observables. Results can be easily…
We discuss the ratio of the angular diameter distances from the source to the lens, $D_{ds}$, and to the observer at present, $D_{s}$, for various dark energy models. It is well known that the difference of $D_s$s between the models is…
Following Sereno (2002a), we discuss the bending of light rays by spherically symmetric lenses with angular momentum. For several astrophysical systems, such as white dwarfs and galaxies, gravitomagnetism induces a correction on the…
Gravitational lensing by a spinning deflector in translational motion relative to the observer is discussed in the weak field, slow motion approximation. The effect of rotation, which generates an intrinsic gravito-magnetic field, separates…
In this work are reviewed several aspects of gravitational lensing produced by astrophysical bodies that strongly curve the spacetime in their vicinity. When an object with a photon sphere (e.g. a black hole) is interposed between a source…
Recently, we proposed a generalized Gibbons-Werner (GW) method for analyzing particle trajectories in rotating spacetimes, regardless of their asymptotic behavior [Huang \textit{et al.},…
Strong field gravitational lensing in the Brans-Dicke theory has been studied. The deflection angle for photons passing very close to the photon sphere is estimated for the static spherically symmetric space-time of the theory and the…
Understanding the deflection of light by a massive deflector, as well as the associated gravitational lens phenomena, require the use of the theory of General Relativity. I consider here a classical approach, based on Newton's equation of…
Lensing in a spherically symmetric and static spacetime is considered, based on the lightlike geodesic equation without approximations. After fixing two radius values r_O and r_S, lensing for an observation event somewhere at r_O and static…