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While large language models excel in a variety of natural language processing (NLP) tasks, to perform well on spoken language understanding (SLU) tasks, they must either rely on off-the-shelf automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Pranay Dighe , Yi Su , Shangshang Zheng , Yunshu Liu , Vineet Garg , Xiaochuan Niu , Ahmed Tewfik

Current interactive systems with natural language interfaces lack the ability to understand a complex information-seeking request which expresses several implicit constraints at once, and there is no prior information about user preferences…

In the realm of spoken language understanding (SLU), numerous natural language understanding (NLU) methodologies have been adapted by supplying large language models (LLMs) with transcribed speech instead of conventional written text. In…

Natural Language Inference (NLI) has been an important task for evaluating language models for Natural Language Understanding, but the logical properties of the task are poorly understood and often mischaracterized. Understanding the notion…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Rasmus Blanck , Bill Noble , Stergios Chatzikyriakidis

The task of natural language inference (NLI) asks whether a given premise (expressed in NL) entails a given NL hypothesis. NLI benchmarks contain human ratings of entailment, but the meaning relationships driving these ratings are not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Juri Opitz , Shira Wein , Julius Steen , Anette Frank , Nathan Schneider

Large Language Models (LLMs) enhanced with retrieval -- commonly referred to as Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) -- have demonstrated strong performance in knowledge-intensive tasks. However, RAG pipelines often fail when retrieved…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Shiyin Lin

Large language models (LLMs) often map semantically related prompts to similar internal representations at specific layers, even when their surface forms differ widely. We show that this behavior can be explained through Iterated Function…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Sotirios Panagiotis Chytas , Vikas Singh

Our goal is to create an interactive natural language interface that efficiently and reliably learns from users to complete tasks in simulated robotics settings. We introduce a neural semantic parsing system that learns new high-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Siddharth Karamcheti , Dorsa Sadigh , Percy Liang

Nature language inference (NLI) task is a predictive task of determining the inference relationship of a pair of natural language sentences. With the increasing popularity of NLI, many state-of-the-art predictive models have been proposed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-13 Haohan Wang , Da Sun , Eric P. Xing

Research in AI using Large-Language Models (LLMs) is rapidly evolving, and the comparison of their performance with human reasoning has become a key concern. Prior studies have indicated that LLMs and humans share similar biases, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Hirohiko Abe , Risako Ando , Takanobu Morishita Kentaro Ozeki , Koji Mineshima , Mitsuhiro Okada

The Natural Language Inference (NLI) task is an important task in modern NLP, as it asks a broad question to which many other tasks may be reducible: Given a pair of sentences, does the first entail the second? Although the state-of-the-art…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-07 Zaid Marji , Animesh Nighojkar , John Licato

Tackling Natural Language Inference with a logic-based method is becoming less and less common. While this might have been counterintuitive several decades ago, nowadays it seems pretty obvious. The main reasons for such a conception are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-02 Lasha Abzianidze

Native language identification (NLI) is the task of training (via supervised machine learning) a classifier that guesses the native language of the author of a text. This task has been extensively researched in the last decade, and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-03 Barbara Berti , Andrea Esuli , Fabrizio Sebastiani

Large Language Models (LLMs) often struggle with deductive judgment in syllogistic reasoning, systematically conflating semantic plausibility with formal validity a phenomenon known as content effect. This bias persists even when models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Gabriele Maraia , Marco Valentino , Fabio Massimo Zanzotto , Leonardo Ranaldi

Natural language inference (NLI) aims to determine the logical relationship between two sentences, such as Entailment, Contradiction, and Neutral. In recent years, deep learning models have become a prevailing approach to NLI, but they lack…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Zijun Wu , Zi Xuan Zhang , Atharva Naik , Zhijian Mei , Mauajama Firdaus , Lili Mou

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is widely used in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry, but the complexity of Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) limits accessibility for non-expert users. To address this, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Rabindra Lamsal , Sisi Zlatanova , Haowen Xu , Yafei Sun , Johnson Xuesong Shen

The ability of transformers to perform precision tasks such as question answering, Natural Language Inference (NLI) or summarising, have enabled them to be ranked as one of the best paradigm to address Natural Language Processing (NLP)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Javier Huertas-Tato , Alejandro Martín , David Camacho

Natural language inference (NLI) is a fundamental NLP task, investigating the entailment relationship between two texts. Popular NLI datasets present the task at sentence-level. While adequate for testing semantic representations, they fall…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Hanmeng Liu , Leyang Cui , Jian Liu , Yue Zhang

The task of natural language inference (NLI) is to identify the relation between the given premise and hypothesis. While recent NLI models achieve very high performance on individual datasets, they fail to generalize across similar…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-20 Nafise Sadat Moosavi , Prasetya Ajie Utama , Andreas Rücklé , Iryna Gurevych

A recent study (Kuribayashi et al., 2025) has shown that human sentence processing behavior, typically measured on syntactically unchallenging constructions, can be effectively modeled using surprisal from early layers of large language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Tatsuki Kuribayashi , Alex Warstadt , Yohei Oseki , Ethan Gotlieb Wilcox