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Recent detections of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) at TeV energies opened new prospects for investigating radiative environments and particle acceleration mechanisms under extreme conditions. In this paper, we study the afterglows of these GRBs -…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-27 L. Foffano , M. Tavani

The TeV gamma-ray band is essential for probing the most extreme particle acceleration processes in the Universe. The recent detections of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) at these energies offer an incredible opportunity to investigate the origins…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-03 L. Foffano , M. Tavani

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and following afterglows are considered to be produced by dissipation of kinetic energy of a relativistic fireball and radiation process is widely believed as synchrotron radiation or inverse Compton scattering of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Tomonori Totani

Particle acceleration in relativistic collisionless shocks remains an open problem in high-energy astrophysics. Particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations predict that electron acceleration in weakly magnetized shocks proceeds via small-angle…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-25 Zhao-Feng Wu , Sofía Guevara-Montoya , Paz Beniamini , Dimitrios Giannios , Daniel Grošelj , Lorenzo Sironi

The afterglow emission from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is usually interpreted as synchrotron radiation from electrons accelerated at the GRB external shock, that propagates with relativistic velocities into the magnetized interstellar medium.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-12 Lorenzo Sironi , Anatoly Spitkovsky , Jonathan Arons

Studies of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and their multi-wavelength afterglows have led to insights in electron acceleration and emission properties from relativistic, high-energy astrophysical sources. Broadband modeling across the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-11-16 Ruby A. Duncan , Alexander J. van der Horst , Paz Beniamini

Observations of long duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with TeV emission during their afterglow have been on the rise. Recently, GRB 221009A, the most energetic GRB ever observed, was detected by the {LHAASO} experiment in the energy band…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-15 Hebzibha Isravel , Damien Begue , Asaf Pe'er

Gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglow emission is believed to be produced by synchrotron emission of electrons accelerated to high energy by a relativistic collisionless shock propagating into a weakly magnetized plasma. Afterglow observations…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-11 Zhuo Li , Eli Waxman

The detection of a very-high-energy TeV spectral component in the afterglow emission of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) has opened a new probe into the energetics of ultra-relativistic blast waves and the nature of the circumburst environment in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-01 Edilberto Aguilar-Ruiz , Ramandeep Gill , Paz Beniamini , Jonathan Granot

Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs) generate powerful relativistic jets that inject a large amount of energy into their surrounding environment, producing blast waves that accelerate particles to high energies. The GRB afterglow radiation provides a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-24 P. Tiwari , B. Banerjee , D. Miceli , G. Oganesyan , A. Ierardi , S. Macera , M. Branchesi , L. Nava , S. Mohnani , S. Agarwal , A. Shukla

Particle acceleration in collisionless shocks is believed to be responsible for the production of cosmic-rays over a wide range of energies, from few GeV to >10^{20}eV, as well as for the non-thermal emission of radiation from a wide…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 E. Waxman

Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov Telescopes (MAGIC) detected the gamma-ray afterglow of GRB 190114C, which can constrain microscopic parameters of the shock-heated plasma emitting non-thermal emission. Focusing on the early…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-12-22 Katsuaki Asano , Kohta Murase , Kenji Toma

We consider a sample of ten GRBs with long lasting ($\gtrsim10^2\rm\,sec$) emission detected by Fermi/LAT and for which X-ray data around $1\,$day are also available. We assume that both the X-rays and the GeV emission are produced by…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-10-07 Paz Beniamini , Lara Nava , Rodolfo Barniol Duran , Tsvi Piran

We discuss the GeV to TeV photon emission of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) within the refreshed shock and the continuous injection scenarios, motivated by the observation of extended emission in a substantial fraction of short GRBs. In the first…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-18 P. Veres , P. Mészáros

This paper introduces a kinetic code that simulates gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglow emission from the external forward shock and presents examples of some of its applications. One interesting research topic discussed in the paper is the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-09-24 T. Pennanen , I. Vurm , J. Poutanen

The dominant component of the (100 MeV - 50 GeV) GRB emission detected by LAT starts with a delay relative to the prompt soft (sub-MeV) gamma-rays and lasts long after the soft component fades. This has lead to the intriguing suggestion…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-18 Tsvi Piran , Ehud Nakar

We study high-energy gamma-ray afterglow emission from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in the prior emission model, which is proposed to explain the plateau phase of the X-ray afterglow. This model predicts the high-energy gamma-ray emission when…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-04-23 Kohta Murase , Kenji Toma , Ryo Yamazaki , Shigehiro Nagataki , Kunihito Ioka

Afterglow radiation in gamma-ray bursts (GRB), extending from the radio band to GeV energies, is produced as a result of the interaction between the relativistic jet and the ambient medium. Although in general the origin of the emission is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-05-25 Davide Miceli , Lara Nava

A growing number of gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows is observed at very-high energies (VHE, $\gtrsim 100$ GeV). Yet, our understanding of the mechanism powering the VHE emission remains baffling. We make use of multi-wavelength…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-05-25 Ersilia Guarini , Irene Tamborra , Damien Bégué , Annika Rudolph

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the most energetic explosions in the universe, and their afterglow emission provides an opportunity to probe the physics of relativistic shock waves in an extreme environment. Several key pieces for completing…

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