Related papers: Simplified Quantum Optical Stokes observables and …
With the forthcoming release of high precision polarization measurements, such as from the Planck satellite, the metrology of polarization needs to improve. In particular, it is crucial to take into account full knowledge of the noise…
New effective operators, describing the photons with given polarization at given position with respect to a source are proposed. These operators can be used to construct the near and intermediate zones quantum optics. It is shown that the…
Bell inequalities are a cornerstone of quantum physics. By carefully selecting measurement bases (typically polarization), their violation certifies quantum entanglement. Such measurements are disrupted by the presence of optical disorder…
We investigate coherence in one- and two-photon optical systems, both theoretically and experimentally. In the first case, we develop the density operator representing a single photon state subjected to a non-dissipative coupling between…
Photon-number correlation measurements are performed on bright squeezed vacuum states using a standard Bell-test setup, and quantum correlations are observed for conjugate polarization-frequency modes. We further test the entanglement…
Characterization and analysis of spin-orbit coupled (SOC) states, as a measurement problem, play a vital role in research on the modern optics and photonics based on structured light. Here, we demonstrate determination of photonic SOC…
Quantum properties of optical modes are typically assessed by observing their photon statistics or the distribution of their quadratures. Both particle- and wave-like behaviours deliver important information, and each may be used as a…
We demonstrate that the multipoles associated with the density matrix are truly observable quantities that can be unambiguously determined from intensity moments. Given their correct transformation properties, these multipoles are the…
The ability to coherently control mechanical systems with optical fields has made great strides over the past decade, and now includes the use of photon counting techniques to detect the non-classical nature of mechanical states. These…
Bell-type experiments that test correlated observables typically involve measurements of spin or polarization on multi-particle systems in singlet states. These observables are all non-commuting and satisfy an uncertainty relation.…
The detection of the state of polarization (SOP) of light is essential for many optical applications. However, it is a challenge for cost-effective SOP measurement due to the complexity of conventional methods and poor transferability of…
Detecting object with low reflectivity embedded within a noisy background is a challenging task. Quantum correlations between pairs of quantum states of light, though are highly sensitive to background noise and losses, offer advantages…
We analyze the generation of polarization cross-talk in Stokes polarimeters by atmospheric seeing, and its effects on the noise statistics of spectropolarimetric measurements for both single-beam and dual-beam instruments. We investigate…
Many polarisation techniques have been harnessed for decades in biological and clinical research, each based upon measurement of the vectorial properties of light or the vectorial transformations imposed on light by objects. Various…
We propose a novel interpretation of Quantum Mechanics, which can resolve the outstanding conflict between the principles of locality and realism and offers new insight on the so-called weak values of physical observables. The discussion is…
Polarized light microscopy using path-entangled $N$-photon states (i.e., the N00N states) has been demonstrated to surpass the shot-noise limit at very low light illumination. However, the microscopy images suffer from divergence of phase…
We propose a simple scheme for complete Bell-state measurement of photons using hyperentangled states - entangled in multiple degrees of freedom. In addition to hyperentanglement, our scheme requires only linear optics and single photon…
A detailed and formal account of polarization measurements using Bayesian analysis is given based on the assumption of gaussian error for the Stokes parameters. This analysis is crucial for the measurement of the polarization degree and…
Why do we need quantization to describe vision? What are the quadrature operators of the electromagnetic field? Is it possible to measure them? What are the characteristic functions useful for? In this brief tutorial we provide the…
By amplifying photonic qubits it is possible to produce states that contain enough photons to be seen with a human eye, potentially bringing quantum effects to macroscopic scales [1]. In this paper we theoretically study quantum states…