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Quantum metrology protocols using entangled states of large spin ensembles attempt to achieve measurement sensitivities surpassing the standard quantum limit (SQL), but in many cases they are severely limited by even small amounts of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-06 Martin Koppenhöfer , Peter Groszkowski , A. A. Clerk

We revisit the dissipative approach to producing and stabilizing spin-squeezed states of an ensemble of $N$ two-level systems, providing a detailed analysis of two surprising yet generic features of such protocols. The first is a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-08 Peter Groszkowski , Martin Koppenhöfer , Hoi-Kwan Lau , A. A. Clerk

Spin squeezing has been explored in atomic systems as a tool for quantum sensing, improving experimental sensitivity beyond the spin standard quantum limit for certain measurements. To optimize absolute metrological sensitivity, it is…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-02-21 Eric Boyers , Garry Goldstein , Alexander O. Sushkov

We theoretically explore protocols for measuring the spin polarization of an ensemble of solid-state spins, with precision at or below the standard quantum limit. Such measurements in the solid-state are challenging, as standard approaches…

We demonstrate quantum logic enhanced sensitivity for a macroscopic ensemble of solid-state, hybrid two-qubit sensors. We achieve a factor of 30 improvement in signal-to-noise ratio, translating to a sensitivity enhancement exceeding an…

Solid-state quantum sensors based on ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have emerged as powerful platforms for high-precision metrology. Coupling the NV ensemble to a microwave cavity mode in a cavity quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-26 Hanfeng Wang , Shuang Wu , Matthew E. Trusheim , Avetik Harutyunyan , Dirk R. Englund

Strong coupling of semiconductor spin qubits to superconducting microwave resonators was recently demonstrated. These breakthroughs pave the way for quantum information processing that combines the long coherence times of solid-state spin…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-01-16 Benjamin D'Anjou , Guido Burkard

Fast and high-fidelity qubit measurement is crucial for achieving quantum error correction, a fundamental element in the development of universal quantum computing. For electron spin qubits, fast readout stands out as a major obstacle in…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-01-09 Chon-Fai Kam , Xuedong Hu

We demonstrate dispersive readout of the spin of an ensemble of Nitrogen-Vacancy centers in a high-quality dielectric microwave resonator at room temperature. The spin state is inferred from the reflection phase of a microwave signal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-24 J. Ebel , T. Joas , M. Schalk , A. Angerer , J. Majer , F. Reinhard

We propose a scalable and practical implementation of spin amplification which does not require individual addressing nor a specially tailored spin network. We have demonstrated a gain of 140 in a solid-state nuclear spin system of which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-28 Makoto Negoro , Kenichiro Tateishi , Akinori Kagawa , Masahiro Kitagawa

We introduce a comprehensive framework for the detection and demodulation of covert electromagnetic signals using solid-state spin sensors. Our approach, named RAPID, is a two-stage hybrid strategy that leverages nitrogen-vacancy (NV)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-11 Amirhossein Taherpour , Abbas Taherpour , Tamer Khattab

Quantum sensors based on single solid-state spins promise a unique combination of sensitivity and spatial resolution. The key challenge in sensing is to achieve minimum estimation uncertainty within a given time and with a high dynamic…

Spin squeezing can increase the sensitivity of interferometric measurements of small signals in large spin ensembles beyond the standard quantum limit. In many practical settings, the ideal metrological gain is limited by imperfect readout…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-02 Martin Koppenhöfer , A. A. Clerk

Robust, high-fidelity readout is central to quantum device performance. Overcoming poor readout is an increasingly urgent challenge for devices based on solid-state spin defects, particularly given their rapid adoption in quantum sensing,…

Fast and high-fidelity qubit measurement is essential for realizing quantum error correction, which is in turn a key ingredient to universal quantum computing. For electron spin qubits, fast readout is one of the significant road blocks…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-15 Chon-Fai Kam , Xuedong Hu

We propose a critical dissipaive quantum metrology schemes for single parameter estimation which are based on a quantum probe consisting of coherently driven ensemble of $N$ spin-1/2 particles under the effect of squeezed, collective spin…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-16 Venelin P. Pavlov , Diego Porras , Peter A. Ivanov

Quantum amplification is recognized as a key resource for precision measurements. However, most conventional paradigms employ an ensemble of independent particles that usually limit the performance of quantum amplification in gain, spectral…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-21 Minxiang Xu , Min Jiang , Yuanhong Wang , Haowen Su , Ying Huang , Xinhua Peng

The standard quantum limit bounds the precision of measurements that can be achieved by ensembles of uncorrelated particles. Fundamentally, this limit arises from the non-commuting nature of quantum mechanics, leading to the presence of…

Spin-squeezed states constitute a valuable entanglement resource capable of surpassing the standard quantum limit (SQL). However, spin-squeezed states only enable sub-SQL uncertainty within a narrow parametric window near some specific…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-10 Jinye Wei , Jungeng Zhou , Yi Shen , Jiahao Huang , Chaohong Lee

Dissipation usually plays a negative role in quantum metrological technologies, which aim to improve measurement precision by leveraging quantum effects that are vulnerable to environment-induced decoherence. Recently, it has been…

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