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The symmetries of asymptotically flat spacetimes impose constraints on observables at infinity. The consequences of this have been extensively explored for S-matrix elements, where soft theorems are known to be equivalent to Ward identities…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-12-03 Ian Moult , Sruthi A. Narayanan , Sabrina Pasterski

Weinberg's celebrated factorisation theorem holds for soft quanta of arbitrary integer spin. The same result, for spin one and two, has been rederived assuming that the infinite-dimensional asymptotic symmetry group of Maxwell's equations…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-08-07 A. Campoleoni , D. Francia , C. Heissenberg

In this paper we consider the Einstein-Maxwell theory and define a combined transformation composed of diffeomorphism and $U(1)$ gauge transformation. For generality, we assume that the generator $\chi$ of such transformation is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-05-16 M. R. Setare , H. Adami

The Einstein equation in D dimensions, if restricted to the class of space-times possessing n = D - 2 commuting hypersurface-orthogonal Killing vectors, can be equivalently written as metric-dilaton gravity in 2 dimensions with n scalar…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-30 H. -J. Schmidt

This review is dedicated to recent progress in the field of classical, interacting, massive spin-2 theories, with a focus on ghost-free bimetric theory. We will outline its history and its development as a nontrivial extension and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-03-31 Angnis Schmidt-May , Mikael von Strauss

Extensions of Einstein gravity with quadratic curvature terms in the action arise in most effective theories of quantised gravity, including string theory. This article explores the set of static, spherically symmetric and asymptotically…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-12-22 H. Lü , A. Perkins , C. N. Pope , K. S. Stelle

It is well-known that all 2d models of gravity---including theories with nonvanishing torsion and dilaton theories---can be solved exactly, if matter interactions are absent. An absolutely (in space and time) conserved quantity determines…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-08-25 W. Kummer , G. Tieber

We study the semiclassical Einstein field equations with a Klein-Gordon field in ultrastatic and static spacetimes. In both cases, the equations for the spacetime metric become constraint equations. In the ultrastatic case, the Hadamard…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-11-01 Benito A. Juárez-Aubry

Electromagnetism contains an infinite dimensional symmetry group of large gauge transformations. This gives rise to an infinite number of conserved quantities called "soft charges" via Noether's theorem. When charged particles scatter, the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-12-13 Noah Miller

There is a general belief, reinforced by statements in standard textbooks, that: (i) one can obtain the full non-linear Einstein's theory of gravity by coupling a massless, spin-2 field $h_{ab}$ self-consistently to the total energy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 T. Padmanabhan

The integrability of $R^2$-gravity with torsion in two dimensions is traced to an ultralocal dynamical symmetry of constraints and momenta in Hamiltonian phase space. It may be interpreted as a quadratically deformed $iso(2,1)$-algebra with…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-07-19 H. Grosse , W. Kummer , P. Prešnajder , D. J. Schwarz

We develop a semiclassical theory of modified gravity with nontrivial spacetime torsion. In particular, we show that the semiclassical treatment can be axiomatized in the case of Einstein--Cartan theory with a nonminimally coupled, free…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-26 R. Morales-Cabrera , Y. Bonder

We construct the non-linear realisation of the semi-direct product of the very extended algebra A1+++ and its vector representation. This theory has an infinite number of fields that depend on a spacetime with an infinite number of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-06-10 Keith Glennon , Peter West

In this paper we present a new set of asymptotic boundary conditions for Einstein gravity in 2+1 dimensions with vanishing cosmological constant that are a generalization of the Barnich-Comp{\`e}re boundary conditions gr-qc/0610130. These…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-03-01 Stéphane Detournay , Max Riegler

We demonstrate that the linearized Einstein gravity in de Sitter (dS) spacetime besides the evident symmetries also possesses the additional (local) symmetry $h_{\mu\nu}\rightarrow h_{\mu\nu} + {\cal E}_{\mu\nu}\chi$, where ${\cal…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-06-27 Hamed Pejhan , Surena Rahbardehghan , Mohammad Enayati , Kazuharu Bamba , Anzhong Wang

We propose a consistent set of boundary conditions for gravity in asymptotically flat spacetime at spacelike infinity, which yields an enhancement of the Bondi-Metzner Sachs group with smooth superrotations and new subleading symmetries.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-11-19 Adrien Fiorucci , Javier Matulich , Romain Ruzziconi

The two defining features of the Einsteinian gravity are that it is self interactive as well as it links universally to all particles including zero mass particles. In the process of obtaining the Schwarzshild solution for gravitational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-08-06 Naresh Dadhich

Cylindrically reduced Einstein gravity can be regarded as an $SL(2,R)/SO(2)$ sigma model coupled to 2D dilaton gravity. By using the corresponding 2D diffeomorphism algebra of constraints and the asymptotic behaviour of the Ernst equation…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-01-16 J. Cruz , A. Mikovic , J. Navarro-Salas

The classical dynamics of N spinning point sources in 2+1 Einstein-Cartan gravity is considered. It corresponds to the ISO(2,1) Chern-Simons theory, in which the torsion source is restricted to its intrinsic spin part. A class of explicit…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-22 Andrea Cappelli , Marcello Ciafaloni , Paolo Valtancoli

The existing equivalence between (generalized) BMS Ward identities with leading and subleading soft graviton theorems is extended to the case where the scattering particles are massive scalars. By extending the action of generalized BMS…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-01-27 Miguel Campiglia , Alok Laddha