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Reinforcement learning has long struggled with poor sample efficiency. One promising approach to mitigate this problem is leveraging group-invariant Markov Decision Processes ($G$-invariant MDPs). Existing works in this direction have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Shuai Zhen , Yifan Zhang , Yuling Wang , Yanhua Yu

Model-free reinforcement learning methods lack an inherent mechanism to impose behavioural constraints on the trained policies. Although certain extensions exist, they remain limited to specific types of constraints, such as value…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Bram De Cooman , Johan Suykens

In this paper we consider the basic version of Reinforcement Learning (RL) that involves computing optimal data driven (adaptive) policies for Markovian decision process with unknown transition probabilities. We provide a brief survey of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-16 Wesley Cowan , Michael N. Katehakis , Daniel Pirutinsky

Standard model-free deep reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms sample a new initial state for each trial, allowing them to optimize policies that can perform well even in highly stochastic environments. However, problems that exhibit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-04-30 Dibya Ghosh , Avi Singh , Aravind Rajeswaran , Vikash Kumar , Sergey Levine

Recent theoretical work studies sample-efficient reinforcement learning (RL) extensively in two settings: learning interactively in the environment (online RL), or learning from an offline dataset (offline RL). However, existing algorithms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Tengyang Xie , Nan Jiang , Huan Wang , Caiming Xiong , Yu Bai

Reinforcement learning is able to solve complex sequential decision-making tasks but is currently limited by sample efficiency and required computation. To improve sample efficiency, recent work focuses on model-based RL which interleaves…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-19 Yi Zhao , Wenshuai Zhao , Rinu Boney , Juho Kannala , Joni Pajarinen

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) allows a system to interact with its environment and take actions by training an efficient policy that maximizes self-defined rewards. In autonomous driving, it can be used as a strategy for high-level…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Xibo Li , Shruti Patel , Christof Büskens

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms can be divided into two classes: model-free algorithms, which are sample-inefficient, and model-based algorithms, which suffer from model bias. Dyna-style algorithms combine these two approaches by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Yansong Li , Zeyu Dong , Ertai Luo , Yu Wu , Shuo Wu , Shuo Han

Due to the high efficiency and less weather dependency, autonomous greenhouses provide an ideal solution to meet the increasing demand for fresh food. However, managers are faced with some challenges in finding appropriate control…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Wanpeng Zhang , Xiaoyan Cao , Yao Yao , Zhicheng An , Xi Xiao , Dijun Luo

Adversarial training is an effective method to boost model robustness to malicious, adversarial attacks. However, such improvement in model robustness often leads to a significant sacrifice of standard performance on clean images. In many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-29 Pengyue Hou , Ming Zhou , Jie Han , Petr Musilek , Xingyu Li

Training on model-generated synthetic data is a promising approach for finetuning LLMs, but it remains unclear when it helps or hurts. In this paper, we investigate this question for math reasoning via an empirical study, followed by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Amrith Setlur , Saurabh Garg , Xinyang Geng , Naman Garg , Virginia Smith , Aviral Kumar

This paper presents a model-free reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm to synthesize a control policy that maximizes the satisfaction probability of linear temporal logic (LTL) specifications. Due to the consideration of environment and…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Mingyu Cai , Shaoping Xiao , Baoluo Li , Zhiliang Li , Zhen Kan

State-of-the-art reinforcement learning algorithms mostly rely on being allowed to directly interact with their environment to collect millions of observations. This makes it hard to transfer their success to industrial control problems,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-23 Phillip Swazinna , Steffen Udluft , Thomas Runkler

Reinforcement learning (RL) solves sequential decision-making problems via a trial-and-error process interacting with the environment. While RL achieves outstanding success in playing complex video games that allow huge trial-and-error,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Fan-Ming Luo , Tian Xu , Hang Lai , Xiong-Hui Chen , Weinan Zhang , Yang Yu

Choosing an appropriate parameter set for the designed controller is critical for the final performance but usually requires a tedious and careful tuning process, which implies a strong need for automatic tuning methods. However, among…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-13 Yuheng Lei , Jianyu Chen , Shengbo Eben Li , Sifa Zheng

We propose an efficient encrypted policy synthesis to develop privacy-preserving model-based reinforcement learning. We first demonstrate that the relative-entropy-regularized reinforcement learning framework offers a computationally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Jihoon Suh , Yeongjun Jang , Kaoru Teranishi , Takashi Tanaka

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for autonomous driving. However, despite their advanced capabilities, DRL-based policies remain highly vulnerable to adversarial attacks, posing serious safety risks in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Junchao Fan , Xuyang Lei , Xiaolin Chang

We develop theory and algorithms for average-reward on-policy Reinforcement Learning (RL). We first consider bounding the difference of the long-term average reward for two policies. We show that previous work based on the discounted return…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Yiming Zhang , Keith W. Ross

Upon the discovery of adversarial attacks, robust models have become obligatory for deep learning-based systems. Adversarial training with first-order attacks has been one of the most effective defenses against adversarial perturbations to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Inci M. Baytas , Debayan Deb

The inverse reinforcement learning approach to imitation learning is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, it can enable learning from a smaller number of expert demonstrations with more robustness to error compounding than behavioral…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Juntao Ren , Gokul Swamy , Zhiwei Steven Wu , J. Andrew Bagnell , Sanjiban Choudhury