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Underwater docking is critical to enable the persistent operation of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs). For this, the AUV must be capable of detecting and localizing the docking station, which is complex due to the highly dynamic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Jalil Chavez-Galaviz , Jianwen Li , Matthew Bergman , Miras Mengdibayev , Nina Mahmoudian

In this paper, we present a comprehensive investigation of the challenges of Monocular Visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (vSLAM) methods for underwater robots. While significant progress has been made in state estimation methods…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Michele Grimaldi , David Nakath , Mengkun She , Kevin Köser

Ultrasonic imaging is being used to obtain information about the acoustic properties of a medium by emitting waves into it and recording their interaction using ultrasonic transducer arrays. The Delay-And-Sum (DAS) algorithm forms images…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-23 Georgios Pilikos , Lars Horchens , Tristan van Leeuwen , Felix Lucka

Under the sea, visible spectrum cameras have limited sensing capacity, being able to detect objects only in clear water, but in a constrained range. Considering any sea water condition, sonars are more suitable to support autonomous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-15 Gustavo Neves , Rômulo Cerqueira , Jan Albiez , Luciano Oliveira

Underwater environments pose significant challenges due to the selective absorption and scattering of light by water, which affects image clarity, contrast, and color fidelity. To overcome these, we introduce OceanLens, a method that models…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-21 Rajini Makam , Dhatri Shankari T M , Sharanya Patil , Suresh Sundram

In the past decade, the adoption of compact 3D range sensors, such as LiDARs, has driven the developments of robust state-estimation pipelines, making them a standard sensor for aerial, ground, and space autonomy. Unfortunately, poor…

This paper presents a novel approach to underwater terrain mapping for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) operating in close proximity to complex 3D environments. The proposed methodology creates a probabilistic elevation map of the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Bilal Arain , Feras Dayoub , Paul Rigby , Matthew Dunbabin

This paper proposes a photorealistic real-time dense 3D mapping system that utilizes a learning-based image enhancement method and mesh-based map representation. Due to the characteristics of the underwater environment, where problems such…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Jungwoo Lee , Younggun Cho

This paper presents a novel tightly-coupled keyframe-based Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) system with loop-closing and relocalization capabilities targeted for the underwater domain. Our previous work, SVIn, augmented the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Sharmin Rahman , Alberto Quattrini Li , Ioannis Rekleitis

Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) have become indispensable for deep-sea exploration, spanning critical scientific research and commercial applications. The rapid attenuation of electromagnetic waves renders satellite radio signals…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Guy Damari , Zeev Yampolsky , Nadav Cohen , Arup Kumar Sahoo , Jeryes Danial , Felipe O. Silva , Itzik Klein

Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) are fast emerging sensors in the field of Earth Observation. It is a remote sensing technology that utilizes laser beams to measure distances and create detailed three-dimensional representations of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-15 Saad Ahmed Jamal

We present a multiscale approach for identifying features in ocean beds by solving inverse problems in high frequency seafloor acoustics. The setting is based on Sound Navigation And Ranging (SONAR) imaging used in scientific, commercial,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-04-05 Bjorn Engquist , Christina Frederick , Quyen Huynh , Haomin Zhou

Robust matching of side-scan sonar imagery remains a fundamental challenge in seafloor mapping due to view-dependent backscatter, shadows, and geometric distortion. This paper proposes a novel matching framework that combines physical…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-11-24 Can Lei , Hayat Rajani , Nuno Gracias , Rafael Garcia , Huigang Wang

Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) are commonly used in many underwater applications. Recently, the usage of multi-rotor unmanned autonomous vehicles (UAV) for marine applications is receiving more attention in the literature. Usually,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Barak Or , Itzik Klein

The problem of information fusion from multiple data-sets acquired by multimodal sensors has drawn significant research attention over the years. In this paper, we focus on a particular problem setting consisting of a physical phenomenon or…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-21 Ori Katz , Ronen Talmon , Yu-Lun Lo , Hau-Tieng Wu

Feature matching is an important technique to identify a single object in different images. It helps machines to construct recognition of a specific object from multiple perspectives. For years, feature matching has been commonly used in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Hang Zhu , Zihao Wang

Object classification in synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) imagery is usually a data starved and class imbalanced problem. There are few objects of interest present among much benign seafloor. Despite these problems, current classification…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-16 Isaac Gerg , David Williams

Raw underwater images are degraded due to wavelength dependent light attenuation and scattering, limiting their applicability in vision systems. Another factor that makes enhancing underwater images particularly challenging is the diversity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-03 Pritish Uplavikar , Zhenyu Wu , Zhangyang Wang

Recent progress in synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) technology and processing has led to significant advances in underwater imaging, outperforming previously common approaches in both accuracy and efficiency. There are, however, inherent…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-06-28 John McKay , Anne Gelb , Vishal Monga , Raghu Raj

Successful applications of complex vision-based behaviours underwater have lagged behind progress in terrestrial and aerial domains. This is largely due to the degraded image quality resulting from the physical phenomena involved in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Stewart Jamieson , Jonathan P. How , Yogesh Girdhar