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Automated diagnosis using deep neural networks in chest radiography can help radiologists detect life-threatening diseases. However, existing methods only provide predictions without accurate explanations, undermining the trustworthiness of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-22 Eunji Kim , Siwon Kim , Minji Seo , Sungroh Yoon

In clinical practice, regions of interest in medical imaging often need to be identified through a process of precise image segmentation. The quality of this image segmentation step critically affects the subsequent clinical assessment of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-23 João B. S. Carvalho , João A. Santinha , Đorđe Miladinović , Joachim M. Buhmann

Bones are always wrapped by soft tissues. As a result, bones in their X-ray images are obscured and become unclear. In this paper, we tackle this problem and propose a novel task to virtually decompose the soft tissue and bone by image…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-30 Yuanhao Gong

In order to bridge the gap between Deep Learning researchers and medical professionals we develop a very accessible free prototype system which can be used by medical professionals to understand the reality of Deep Learning tools for chest…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Joseph Paul Cohen , Paul Bertin , Vincent Frappier

Biomedical image segmentation plays a vital role in diagnosis of diseases across various organs. Deep learning-based object detection methods are commonly used for such segmentation. There exists an extensive research in this topic.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-30 Fazli Wahid , Yingliang Ma , Dawar Khan , Muhammad Aamir , Syed U. K. Bukhari

Although the field of sleep study has greatly developed over the recent years, the most common and efficient way to detect sleep issues remains a sleep examination performed in a sleep laboratory, in a procedure called Polysomnography…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-25 Yoav Goldstein , Martin Schätz , Mireille Avigal

Computed tomography (CT) has been used worldwide as a non-invasive test to assist in diagnosis. However, the ionizing nature of X-ray exposure raises concerns about potential health risks such as cancer. The desire for lower radiation doses…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-01 Yucheng Lu , Zhixin Xu , Moon Hyung Choi , Jimin Kim , Seung-Won Jung

X-rays are commonly performed imaging tests that use small amounts of radiation to produce pictures of the organs, tissues, and bones of the body. X-rays of the chest are used to detect abnormalities or diseases of the airways, blood…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-01-24 Petros-Pavlos Ypsilantis , Giovanni Montana

MR imaging is a valuable diagnostic tool allowing to non-invasively visualize patient anatomy and pathology with high soft-tissue contrast. However, MRI acquisition is typically time-consuming, leading to patient discomfort and increased…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-23 Jan Nikolas Morshuis , Matthias Hein , Christian F. Baumgartner

Chest X-ray (CXR) is the most common X-ray examination performed in daily clinical practice for the diagnosis of various heart and lung abnormalities. The large amount of data to be read and reported, with 100+ studies per day for a single…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-17 Sebastian Guendel , Florin C. Ghesu , Sasa Grbic , Eli Gibson , Bogdan Georgescu , Andreas Maier , Dorin Comaniciu

Chest X-Ray imaging is one of the most common radiological tools for detection of various pathologies related to the chest area and lung function. In a clinical setting, automated assessment of chest radiographs has the potential of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-31 David Biesner , Helen Schneider , Benjamin Wulff , Ulrike Attenberger , Rafet Sifa

The translation of an early (1957), Russian article on the development of x-ray computed tomography is provided. The article demonstrates a principle possibility of determining the local attenuation coefficient in every element of a…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2020-01-14 Alex Gustschin

We previously demonstrated near-field speckle scanning based x-ray imaging to be an easy-to-implement phase sensing method capable of providing both high sensitivity and high resolution. Yet, this performance combination could only be…

Medical Physics · Physics 2017-06-21 Sebastien Berujon , Eric Ziegler

Colorectal cancer is the third-most common cancer in the Western Hemisphere. The segmentation of colorectal and colorectal cancer by computed tomography is an urgent problem in medicine. Indeed, a system capable of solving this problem will…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-01 I. M. Chernenkiy , Y. A. Drach , S. R. Mustakimova , V. V. Kazantseva , N. A. Ushakov , S. K. Efetov , M. V. Feldsherov

Image reconstruction in X ray tomography consists in determining an object from its projections. In many applications such as non destructive testing, we look for an image who has a constant value inside a region (default) and another…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Mohammad-Djafari

By acquiring two sets of tomographic measurements at distinct X-ray spectra, the dual-energy CT (DECT) enables quantitative material-specific imaging. However, the conventionally decomposed material basis images may encounter severe image…

This paper proposes a novel framework for lung segmentation in chest X-rays. It consists of two key contributions, a criss-cross attention based segmentation network and radiorealistic chest X-ray image synthesis (i.e. a synthesized…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-22 Youbao Tang , Yuxing Tang , Jing Xiao , Ronald M. Summers

Chest radiography is the most common medical image examination for screening and diagnosis in hospitals. Automatic interpretation of chest X-rays at the level of an entry-level radiologist can greatly benefit work prioritization and assist…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-11 Sandesh Ghimire , Satyananda Kashyap , Joy T. Wu , Alexandros Karargyris , Mehdi Moradi

Recent research demonstrates that deep learning models are capable of precisely extracting bio-information (e.g. race, gender and age) from patients' Chest X-Rays (CXRs). In this paper, we further show that deep learning models are also…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-02 Hao Liang , Kevin Ni , Guha Balakrishnan

Chest radiograph (or Chest X-Ray, CXR) is a popular medical imaging modality that is used by radiologists across the world to diagnose heart or lung conditions. Over the last decade, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), have seen success in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Arsh Verma , Makarand Tapaswi