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Malware attacks pose a significant threat in today's interconnected digital landscape, causing billions of dollars in damages. Detecting and identifying families as early as possible provides an edge in protecting against such malware. We…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Christofer Fellicious , Manuel Bischof , Kevin Mayer , Dorian Eikenberg , Stefan Hausotte , Hans P. Reiser , Michael Granitzer

The advancement of graph-based malware analysis is critically limited by the absence of large-scale datasets that capture the inherent hierarchical structure of software. Existing methods often oversimplify programs into single level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Han Chen , Hanchen Wang , Hongmei Chen , Ying Zhang , Lu Qin , Wenjie Zhang

With the increase in the variety and quantity of malware, there is an urgent need to speed up the diagnosis and the analysis of malware. Extracting the malware family-related tokens from AV (Anti-Virus) labels, provided by online anti-virus…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Ligeng Chen , Zhongling He , Hao Wu , Yuhang Gong , Bing Mao

This paper describes EMBER: a labeled benchmark dataset for training machine learning models to statically detect malicious Windows portable executable files. The dataset includes features extracted from 1.1M binary files: 900K training…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-04-18 Hyrum S. Anderson , Phil Roth

In this paper we describe the SOREL-20M (Sophos/ReversingLabs-20 Million) dataset: a large-scale dataset consisting of nearly 20 million files with pre-extracted features and metadata, high-quality labels derived from multiple sources,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Richard Harang , Ethan M. Rudd

Classification of malware families is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of how they can infect devices, computers, or systems. Thus, malware identification enables security researchers and incident responders to take precautions…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Ferhat Demirkıran , Aykut Çayır , Uğur Ünal , Hasan Dağ

The deep learning approach to detecting malicious software (malware) is promising but has yet to tackle the problem of dataset shift, namely that the joint distribution of examples and their labels associated with the test set is different…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Deqiang Li , Tian Qiu , Shuo Chen , Qianmu Li , Shouhuai Xu

This work focuses on a specific front of the malware detection arms-race, namely the detection of persistent, disk-resident malware. We exploit normalised compression distance (NCD), an information theoretic measure, applied directly to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-02-27 Nadia Alshahwan , Earl T. Barr , David Clark , George Danezis

Malwares are the key means leveraged by threat actors in the cyber space for their attacks. There is a large array of commercial solutions in the market and significant scientific research to tackle the challenge of the detection and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-21 Kar Wai Fok , Vrizlynn L. L. Thing

Machine learning and deep learning (ML/DL) have been extensively applied in malware detection, and some existing methods demonstrate robust performance. However, several issues persist in the field of malware detection: (1) Existing work…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Xingyuan Wei , Yichen Liu , Ce Li , Ning Li , Degang Sun , Yan Wang

There is a growing body of malware samples that evade automated analysis and detection tools. Malware may measure fingerprints ("artifacts") of the underlying analysis tool or environment and change their behavior when artifacts are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-20 Mohsen Ahmadi , Kevin Leach , Ryan Dougherty , Stephanie Forrest , Westley Weimer

Android, the most popular mobile OS, has around 78% of the mobile market share. Due to its popularity, it attracts many malware attacks. In fact, people have discovered around one million new malware samples per quarter, and it was reported…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-12-13 Mingshen Sun , Xiaolei Li , John C. S. Lui , Richard T. B. Ma , Zhenkai Liang

In this paper, we use $K$-means clustering to analyze various relationships between malware samples. We consider a dataset comprising~20 malware families with~1000 samples per family. These families can be categorized into seven different…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Samanvitha Basole , Mark Stamp

The widespread usage of Microsoft Windows has unfortunately led to a surge in malware, posing a serious threat to the security and privacy of millions of users. In response, the research community has mobilized, with numerous efforts…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Fangtian Zhong , Qin Hu , Yili Jiang , Jiaqi Huang , Xiuzhen Cheng

The proliferation of malwares have been attributed to the alternations of a handful of original malware source codes. The malwares alternated from the same origin share some intrinsic behaviors and form a malware family. Expediently,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-05-05 Shun-Wen Hsiao , Yeali S. Sun , Meng Chang Chen

The metamorphic malware variants with the same malicious behavior (family), can obfuscate themselves to look different from each other. This variation in structure leads to a huge signature database for traditional signature matching…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-09-18 Sanjay K. Sahay , Ashu Sharma

The Virus-MNIST data set is a collection of thumbnail images that is similar in style to the ubiquitous MNIST hand-written digits. These, however, are cast by reshaping possible malware code into an image array. Naturally, it is poised to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-04 Erik Larsen , Korey MacVittie , John Lilly

The integration of large language models (LLMs) into various pipelines is increasingly widespread, effectively automating many manual tasks and often surpassing human capabilities. Cybersecurity researchers and practitioners have recognised…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Constantinos Patsakis , Fran Casino , Nikolaos Lykousas

Numerous open-source and commercial malware detectors are available. However, their efficacy is threatened by new adversarial attacks, whereby malware attempts to evade detection, e.g., by performing feature-space manipulation. In this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Ruoxi Sun , Minhui Xue , Gareth Tyson , Tian Dong , Shaofeng Li , Shuo Wang , Haojin Zhu , Seyit Camtepe , Surya Nepal

This paper introduces the MERIT Dataset, a multimodal (text + image + layout) fully labeled dataset within the context of school reports. Comprising over 400 labels and 33k samples, the MERIT Dataset is a valuable resource for training…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-04 I. de Rodrigo , A. Sanchez-Cuadrado , J. Boal , A. J. Lopez-Lopez
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