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The Microsoft Malware Classification Challenge was announced in 2015 along with a publication of a huge dataset of nearly 0.5 terabytes, consisting of disassembly and bytecode of more than 20K malware samples. Apart from serving in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-03-01 Royi Ronen , Marian Radu , Corina Feuerstein , Elad Yom-Tov , Mansour Ahmadi

Researchers have proposed kinds of malware detection methods to solve the explosive mobile security threats. We argue that the experiment results are inflated due to the research bias introduced by the variability of malware dataset. We…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-06-01 Yan Lin , Tianming Liu , Wei Liu , Zhigaoyuan Wang , Li Li , Guoai Xu , Haoyu Wang

Malware programs are diverse, with varying objectives, functionalities, and threat levels ranging from mere pop-ups to financial losses. Consequently, their run-time footprints across the system differ, impacting the optimal data source…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Sareena Karapoola , Nikhilesh Singh , Chester Rebeiro , Kamakoti V

Numerous metamorphic and polymorphic malicious variants are generated automatically on a daily basis by mutation engines that transform the code of a malicious program while retaining its functionality, in order to evade signature-based…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-28 Ron Korine , Danny Hendler

We investigate how to modify executable files to deceive malware classification systems. This work's main contribution is a methodology to inject bytes across a malware file randomly and use it both as an attack to decrease classification…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-15 Adeilson Antonio da Silva , Mauricio Pamplona Segundo

For a long time, malware classification and analysis have been an arms-race between antivirus systems and malware authors. Though static analysis is vulnerable to evasion techniques, it is still popular as the first line of defense in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Shoumik Saha , Sadia Afroz , Atif Rahman

The extensive damage caused by malware requires anti-malware systems to be constantly improved to prevent new threats. The current trend in malware detection is to employ machine learning models to aid in the classification process. We…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Marcus Carpenter , Chunbo Luo

The constant growth in the number of malware - software or code fragment potentially harmful for computers and information networks - and the use of sophisticated evasion and obfuscation techniques have seriously hindered classic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Nicola Loi , Claudio Borile , Daniele Ucci

Machine learning (ML) malware detectors rely heavily on crowd-sourced AntiVirus (AV) labels, with platforms like VirusTotal serving as a trusted source of malware annotations. But what if attackers could manipulate these labels to classify…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Tianwei Lan , Luca Demetrio , Farid Nait-Abdesselam , Yufei Han , Simone Aonzo

We study the challenging task of malware recognition on both known and novel unknown malware families, called malware open-set recognition (MOSR). Previous works usually assume the malware families are known to the classifier in a close-set…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Jingcai Guo , Song Guo , Shiheng Ma , Yuxia Sun , Yuanyuan Xu

The existing malware classification approaches (i.e., binary and family classification) can barely benefit subsequent analysis with their outputs. Even the family classification approaches suffer from lacking a formal naming standard and an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Qijing Qiao , Ruitao Feng , Sen Chen , Fei Zhang , Xiaohong Li

Automated malware classification has achieved strong detection performance. Yet, malware behavior auditing seeks causal and verifiable explanations of malicious activities -- essential not only to reveal what malware does but also to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Xinran Zheng , Xingzhi Qian , Yiling He , Shuo Yang , Lorenzo Cavallaro

Despite being the most popular privacy-enhancing network, Tor is increasingly adopted by cybercriminals to obfuscate malicious traffic, hindering the identification of malware-related communications between compromised devices and Command…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Ishan Karunanayake , Mashael AlSabah , Nadeem Ahmed , Sanjay Jha

During the last decades, the problem of malicious and unwanted software (malware) has surged in numbers and sophistication. Malware plays a key role in most of today's cyber attacks and has consolidated as a commodity in the underground…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-11-19 Alejandro Calleja , Juan Tapiador , Juan Caballero

Malware family classification is an age old problem that many Anti-Virus (AV) companies have tackled. There are two common techniques used for classification, signature based and behavior based. Signature based classification uses a common…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-03-29 Abedelaziz Mohaisen , Omar Alrawi

Malware open-set recognition (MOSR) aims at jointly classifying malware samples from known families and detect the ones from novel unknown families, respectively. Existing works mostly rely on a well-trained classifier considering the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Jingcai Guo , Yuanyuan Xu , Wenchao Xu , Yufeng Zhan , Yuxia Sun , Song Guo

As technology advances, Android malware continues to pose significant threats to devices and sensitive data. The open-source nature of the Android OS and the availability of its SDK contribute to this rapid growth. Traditional malware…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Saleh J. Makkawy , Michael J. De Lucia , Kenneth E. Barner

Computer vision is playing an increasingly important role in automated malware detection with the rise of the image-based binary representation. These binary images are fast to generate, require no feature engineering, and are resilient to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Scott Freitas , Rahul Duggal , Duen Horng Chau

A large amount of new malware is constantly being generated, which must not only be distinguished from benign samples, but also classified into malware families. For this purpose, investigating how existing malware families are developed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-04 Olha Jurečková , Martin Jureček , Mark Stamp , Fabio Di Troia , Róbert Lórencz

Malware detection is a constant challenge in cybersecurity due to the rapid development of new attack techniques. Traditional signature-based approaches struggle to keep pace with the sheer volume of malware samples. Machine learning offers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Peter Anthony , Francesco Giannini , Michelangelo Diligenti , Martin Homola , Marco Gori , Stefan Balogh , Jan Mojzis