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Causal knowledge is vital for effective reasoning in science, as causal relations, unlike correlations, allow one to reason about the outcomes of interventions. Algorithms that can discover causal relations from observational data are based…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-11-12 Anish Dhir , Ciarán M. Lee

Independence testing plays a central role in statistical and causal inference from observational data. Standard independence tests assume that the data samples are independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) but that assumption is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-07-04 Ragib Ahsan , Zahra Fatemi , David Arbour , Elena Zheleva

Logics with team semantics provide alternative means for logical characterization of complexity classes. Both dependence and independence logic are known to capture non-deterministic polynomial time, and the frontiers of tractability in…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-03-27 Miika Hannula , Lauri Hella

We show that streams and lazy data structures are a natural idiom for programming with infinite-dimensional Bayesian methods such as Poisson processes, Gaussian processes, jump processes, Dirichlet processes, and Beta processes. The crucial…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-12-15 Swaraj Dash , Younesse Kaddar , Hugo Paquet , Sam Staton

Independent Component Analysis (ICA) offers interpretable semantic components of embeddings. While ICA theory assumes that embeddings can be linearly decomposed into independent components, real-world data often do not satisfy this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Momose Oyama , Hiroaki Yamagiwa , Hidetoshi Shimodaira

Separation logic is a concise method for specifying programs that manipulate dynamically allocated storage. Partially inspired by separation logic, Implicit Dynamic Frames has recently been proposed, aiming at first-order tool support. In…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Matthew J. Parkinson , Alexander J. Summers

The standard linear and logistic regression models assume that the response variables are independent, but share the same linear relationship to their corresponding vectors of covariates. The assumption that the response variables are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-09 Constantinos Daskalakis , Nishanth Dikkala , Ioannis Panageas

These lecture notes show that linear probing takes expected constant time if the hash function is 5-independent. This result was first proved by Pagh et al. [STOC'07,SICOMP'09]. The simple proof here is essentially taken from [Patrascu and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-05-12 Mikkel Thorup

Suppose we are given the conditional probability of one variable given some other variables.Normally the full joint distribution over the conditioning variablesis required to determine the probability of the conditioned variable.Under what…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-14 Avi Pfeffer

This article aims to achieve two goals: to show that probability is not the only way of dealing with uncertainty (and even more, that there are kinds of uncertainty which are for principled reasons not addressable with probabilistic means);…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-03-02 Tarek R. Besold , Artur d'Avila Garcez , Keith Stenning , Leendert van der Torre , Michiel van Lambalgen

We define a new decidable logic for expressing and checking invariants of programs that manipulate dynamically-allocated objects via pointers and destructive pointer updates. The main feature of this logic is the ability to limit the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-06-13 Greta Yorsh , Alexander Rabinovich , Mooly Sagiv , Antoine Meyer , Ahmed Bouajjani

Automated reasoning about uncertain knowledge has many applications. One difficulty when developing such systems is the lack of a completely satisfactory integration of logic and probability. We address this problem directly. Expressive…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2012-09-13 Marcus Hutter , John W. Lloyd , Kee Siong Ng , William T. B. Uther

This work addresses testing the independence of two continuous and finite-dimensional random variables from the design of a data-driven partition. The empirical log-likelihood statistic is adopted to approximate the sufficient statistics of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-01-19 Mauricio E. Gonzalez , Jorge F. Silva , Miguel Videla , Marcos E. Orchard

Data based judgments go into artificial intelligence applications but they undergo paradoxical reversal when seemingly unnecessary additional data is provided. Examples of this are Simpson's reversal and the disjunction effect where the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-09-14 Subhash Kak

Two linearly uncorrelated binary variables must be also independent because non-linear dependence cannot manifest with only two possible states. This inherent linearity is the atom of dependency constituting any complex form of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-01 Benjamin Brown , Kai Zhang , Xiao-Li Meng

We show that linear probing requires 5-independent hash functions for expected constant-time performance, matching an upper bound of [Pagh et al. STOC'07]. More precisely, we construct a 4-independent hash functions yielding expected…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-12-25 Mikkel Thorup

Many machine learning applications require the ability to learn from and reason about noisy multi-relational data. To address this, several effective representations have been developed that provide both a language for expressing the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-03-19 Matthias Brocheler , Lilyana Mihalkova , Lise Getoor

Arguments about correctness of a concurrent data structure are typically carried out by using the notion of linearizability and specifying the linearization points of the data structure's procedures. Such arguments are often cumbersome as…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-01-19 Germán Andrés Delbianco , Ilya Sergey , Aleksandar Nanevski , Anindya Banerjee

The field of statistical relational learning aims at unifying logic and probability to reason and learn from data. Perhaps the most successful paradigm in the field is probabilistic logic programming: the enabling of stochastic primitives…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-20 Stefanie Speichert , Vaishak Belle

Finding the Lie-algebraic closure of a handful of matrices has important applications in quantum computing and quantum control. For most realistic cases, the closure cannot be determined analytically, necessitating an explicit numerical…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yutaro Iiyama