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Related papers: Freezing-in a hot bath: resonances, medium effects…

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The clockwork mechanism allows extremely weak interactions and small mass scales to be understood in terms of the structure of a theory. A natural application of the clockwork mechanism is to the freeze-in mechanism for dark matter…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-12-12 Jinsu Kim , John McDonald

We calculate the production rate of singlet fermions from the decay of neutral or charged scalar fields in a hot plasma. We find that there are considerable thermal corrections when the temperature of the plasma exceeds the mass of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-06-14 Marco Drewes , Jin U Kang

A compelling way to address the inflationary period is via the warm inflation scenario, where the interaction of the inflaton field with other degrees of freedom affects its dynamics in such a way that slow-roll inflation is maintained by…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-04-25 Rayff de Souza , Jamerson G. Rodrigues , Clarissa Siqueira , Felipe B. M. dos Santos , Jailson Alcaniz

In the context of Self-Interacting Dark Matter as a solution for the small-scale structure problems, we consider the possibility that Dark Matter could have been produced without being in thermal equilibrium with the Standard Model bath. We…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-03-23 Nicolas Bernal , Xiaoyong Chu , Camilo Garcia-Cely , Thomas Hambye , Bryan Zaldivar

Dark matter, $X$, may be generated by new physics at the TeV scale during an early matter-dominated (MD) era that ends at temperature $T_R \ll {\rm TeV}$. Compared to the conventional radiation-dominated (RD) results, yields from both…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-12-18 Raymond T. Co , Francesco D'Eramo , Lawrence J. Hall , Duccio Pappadopulo

The suppression of cosmological structure at small scales is a key signature of dark matter (DM) produced via freeze-in in the low-mass regime. We present a comprehensive analysis of its impact, incorporating recent constraints from Milky…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-12-12 Francesco D'Eramo , Alessandro Lenoci , Ariane Dekker

We investigate the influence of the reheating temperature of the visible sector on the freeze-in dark matter (DM) benchmark model for direct detection experiments, where DM production is mediated by an ultralight dark photon. Here we…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-09-30 Kimberly K. Boddy , Katherine Freese , Gabriele Montefalcone , Barmak Shams Es Haghi

The regime of dark matter (DM) freeze-in at stronger coupling interpolates between freeze-in and freeze-out. It relies on Boltzmann-suppressed dark matter production, implying that the Standard Model bath temperature never exceeds the dark…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-04-09 Niko Koivunen , Oleg Lebedev , Martti Raidal

We propose a novel scenario of Dark Matter production naturally connected with generation of gravitational waves. Dark Matter is modelled as a real scalar, which interacts with the hot primordial plasma through a portal coupling to another…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-04-06 S. Ramazanov , E. Babichev , D. Gorbunov , A. Vikman

We consider the possibility that along the thermal history of the Universe, dark matter (DM) would have been created from Standard Model particles, either through a kinetic mixing portal to an extra U(1) gauge field, or through the Higgs…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-03 Xiaoyong Chu , Thomas Hambye , Michel H. G. Tytgat

The relic abundance of Dark Matter (DM) produced via thermal freeze-in is sensitive to the thermal history during and after cosmic reheating. In minimal models, this opens up the possibility to make predictions for collider observables by…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-04-20 Marco Drewes , Yannis Georis , Mubarak A. S. Mohammed , Sebastian Zell

We reconsider complex scalar singlet dark matter stabilised by a $\mathbb{Z}_{3}$ symmetry. We refine the stability bounds on the potential and use constraints from unitarity on scattering at finite energy to place a stronger lower limit on…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-04-10 Andi Hektor , Andrzej Hryczuk , Kristjan Kannike

We study the effects of modifying the expansions history of the Universe on Dark Matter freezeout. We derived a modified Boltzmann equation for freeze-out for an arbitrary energy density in the early Universe and provide an analytic…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-08-26 Alexandre Poulin

The freeze-in mechanism for dark matter (DM) requires extremely feeble interactions with the Standard Model (SM), preventing thermal equilibrium in the early Universe and typically evading experimental detection. However, for sufficiently…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-05-26 Dilip Kumar Ghosh , Sourav Gope , Xiao-Gang He , Xuan Hong , Sk Jeesun

Dark Matter relic density generation through \textit{freeze-in} mechanism where dark matter particles interact feebly with visible sector particles, is an alternative approach to well-studied and most popular \textit{freeze-out} paradigm.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-01-27 Joydeep Roy

In this conference paper we summarise the findings of a recent study, where the impact of the ultra-relativistic regime on the production of a feebly interacting dark matter particle is considered. As its population accumulates over the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-05-03 Simone Biondini

The freeze-in mechanism has been shown to allow the simultaneous generation of cosmic dark matter and a viable matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe. When the underlying interactions are described by higher-dimensional,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-04-18 Ioannis Dalianis , Andreas Goudelis , Dimitrios Karamitros , Pantelis Papachristou , Vassilis C. Spanos

We conduct a systematic investigation of freeze-in during reheating while taking care to include both direct and indirect production of dark matter (DM) via gravitational portals and inflaton decay. Direct production of DM can occur via…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-12-19 Stephen E. Henrich , Yann Mambrini , Keith A. Olive

We consider a simple Higgs portal dark matter (DM) model, where the Standard Model is extended with a complex singlet scalar. The imaginary part of the scalar becomes a massive and stable pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson, serving as the DM…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-12-05 Nicolás Bernal , Giovanna Cottin , Bastián Díaz Sáez , Manuel López

We revisit dark-matter production through freeze-in and freeze-out by solving the Boltzmann equations at the level of the phase-space distribution $f(p,t)$. Using the $2\to2$ annihilation and the $1\to2$ decay processes for illustration, we…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-04-12 Yong Du , Fei Huang , Hao-Lin Li , Yuan-Zhen Li , Jiang-Hao Yu