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Contrastive learning methods train visual encoders by comparing views from one instance to others. Typically, the views created from one instance are set as positive, while views from other instances are negative. This binary instance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Chongjian Ge , Jiangliu Wang , Zhan Tong , Shoufa Chen , Yibing Song , Ping Luo

Learning scientific document representations can be substantially improved through contrastive learning objectives, where the challenge lies in creating positive and negative training samples that encode the desired similarity semantics.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Malte Ostendorff , Nils Rethmeier , Isabelle Augenstein , Bela Gipp , Georg Rehm

Contrastive learning applied to self-supervised representation learning has seen a resurgence in recent years, leading to state of the art performance in the unsupervised training of deep image models. Modern batch contrastive approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-12 Prannay Khosla , Piotr Teterwak , Chen Wang , Aaron Sarna , Yonglong Tian , Phillip Isola , Aaron Maschinot , Ce Liu , Dilip Krishnan

Recent contrastive methods show significant improvement in self-supervised learning in several domains. In particular, contrastive methods are most effective where data augmentation can be easily constructed e.g. in computer vision.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-09 Konstantinos Kallidromitis , Denis Gudovskiy , Kazuki Kozuka , Iku Ohama , Luca Rigazio

Self-training methods have proven to be effective in exploiting abundant unlabeled data in semi-supervised learning, particularly when labeled data is scarce. While many of these approaches rely on a cross-entropy loss function (CE), recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Aurelien Gauffre , Julien Horvat , Massih-Reza Amini

Session-based recommendation, which aims to predict the next item of users' interest as per an existing sequence interaction of items, has attracted growing applications of Contrastive Learning (CL) with improved user and item…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Zhengxiang Shi , Xi Wang , Aldo Lipani

Contrastive learning is commonly used as a method of self-supervised learning with the "anchor" and "positive" being two random augmentations of a given input image, and the "negative" is the set of all other images. However, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Rishab Balasubramanian , Kunal Rathore

Contrastive learning has been the dominant approach to train state-of-the-art sentence embeddings. Previous studies have typically learned sentence embeddings either through the use of human-annotated natural language inference (NLI) data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Junlei Zhang , Zhenzhong Lan , Junxian He

Traditional supervised learning with deep neural networks requires a tremendous amount of labelled data to converge to a good solution. For 3D medical images, it is often impractical to build a large homogeneous annotated dataset for a…

Contrastive learning has emerged as an essential approach for self-supervised learning in visual representation learning. The central objective of contrastive learning is to maximize the similarities between two augmented versions of an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Hengkui Dong , Xianzhong Long , Yun Li , Lei Chen

We introduce a simple neural encoder architecture that can be trained using an unsupervised contrastive learning objective which gets its positive samples from data-augmented k-Nearest Neighbors search. We show that when built on top of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Robin Algayres , Adel Nabli , Benoit Sagot , Emmanuel Dupoux

This paper introduces Ranking Info Noise Contrastive Estimation (RINCE), a new member in the family of InfoNCE losses that preserves a ranked ordering of positive samples. In contrast to the standard InfoNCE loss, which requires a strict…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-28 David T. Hoffmann , Nadine Behrmann , Juergen Gall , Thomas Brox , Mehdi Noroozi

The information noise-contrastive estimation (InfoNCE) loss function provides the basis of many self-supervised deep learning methods due to its strong empirical results and theoretic motivation. Previous work suggests a supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Patrick Feeney , Michael C. Hughes

Contrastive pre-training on distant supervision has shown remarkable effectiveness in improving supervised relation extraction tasks. However, the existing methods ignore the intrinsic noise of distant supervision during the pre-training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Zhen Wan , Fei Cheng , Qianying Liu , Zhuoyuan Mao , Haiyue Song , Sadao Kurohashi

Self-supervised learning has gained popularity because of its ability to avoid the cost of annotating large-scale datasets. It is capable of adopting self-defined pseudo labels as supervision and use the learned representations for several…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Ashish Jaiswal , Ashwin Ramesh Babu , Mohammad Zaki Zadeh , Debapriya Banerjee , Fillia Makedon

Contrastive representation learning has gained much attention due to its superior performance in learning representations from both image and sequential data. However, the learned representations could potentially lead to performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Jianfeng Chi , William Shand , Yaodong Yu , Kai-Wei Chang , Han Zhao , Yuan Tian

Noise Contrastive Estimation (NCE) is a popular approach for learning probability density functions parameterized up to a constant of proportionality. The main idea is to design a classification problem for distinguishing training data from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Holden Lee , Chirag Pabbaraju , Anish Sevekari , Andrej Risteski

Contrastive self-supervised learning (CSL) with a prototypical regularization has been introduced in learning meaningful representations for downstream tasks that require strong semantic information. However, to optimize CSL with a loss…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Shentong Mo , Zhun Sun , Chao Li

Most Neural Networks (NNs) for classification are trained using Cross-Entropy as a loss function. This approach requires the model to have an explicit classification layer. However, there exist alternative approaches, such as Contrastive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Leonardo Arrighi , Julia Eva Belloni , Aurélie Gallet , Ivan Gentile , Matteo Lippi , Marco Zullich

Contrastive learning relies on an assumption that positive pairs contain related views, e.g., patches of an image or co-occurring multimodal signals of a video, that share certain underlying information about an instance. But what if this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-13 Ching-Yao Chuang , R Devon Hjelm , Xin Wang , Vibhav Vineet , Neel Joshi , Antonio Torralba , Stefanie Jegelka , Yale Song