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In this paper we introduce a Wasserstein-type distance on the set of Gaussian mixture models. This distance is defined by restricting the set of possible coupling measures in the optimal transport problem to Gaussian mixture models. We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-06-15 Julie Delon , Agnes Desolneux

Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) are widely used in machine learning for tasks such as clustering, classification, image reconstruction, and generative modeling. A key challenge in working with GMMs is defining a computationally efficient and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Moritz Piening , Robert Beinert

Mixture models, such as Gaussian mixture models, are widely used in machine learning to represent complex data distributions. A key challenge, especially in high-dimensional settings, is to determine the mixture order and estimate the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-30 Srećko Đurašinović , Jean-Bernard Lasserre , Victor Magron

Recently, a Wasserstein-type distance for Gaussian mixture models has been proposed. However, that framework can only be generalized to identifiable mixtures of general elliptically contoured distributions whose components come from the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-03-19 Keyu Chen , Zetian Wang , Yunxin Zhang

This paper uses sample data to study the problem of comparing populations on finite-dimensional parallelizable Riemannian manifolds and more general trivial vector bundles. Utilizing triviality, our framework represents populations as…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-11-29 Michael Wilson , Tom Needham , Chiwoo Park , Suprateek Kundu , Anuj Srivastava

The Wasserstein distance between mixing measures has come to occupy a central place in the statistical analysis of mixture models. This work proposes a new canonical interpretation of this distance and provides tools to perform inference on…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-09-10 Xin Bing , Florentina Bunea , Jonathan Niles-Weed

Understanding proper distance measures between distributions is at the core of several learning tasks such as generative models, domain adaptation, clustering, etc. In this work, we focus on mixture distributions that arise naturally in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-30 Yogesh Balaji , Rama Chellappa , Soheil Feizi

Distance measures between graphs are important primitives for a variety of learning tasks. In this work, we describe an unsupervised, optimal transport based approach to define a distance between graphs. Our idea is to derive…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Michael Scholkemper , Damin Kühn , Gerion Nabbefeld , Simon Musall , Björn Kampa , Michael T. Schaub

The Wasserstein distance received a lot of attention recently in the community of machine learning, especially for its principled way of comparing distributions. It has found numerous applications in several hard problems, such as domain…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-10-23 Nicolas Courty , Rémi Flamary , Mélanie Ducoffe

The Gromov-Wasserstein (GW) distance is frequently used in machine learning to compare distributions across distinct metric spaces. Despite its utility, it remains computationally intensive, especially for large-scale problems. Recently, a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-01 Antoine Salmona , Julie Delon , Agnès Desolneux

Generalized Wasserstein distances allow to quantitatively compare two continuous or atomic mass distributions with equal or different total mass. In this paper, we propose four numerical methods for the approximation of three different…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-10-21 Maya Briani , Emiliano Cristiani , Giovanni Franzina , Francesca L. Ignoto

Gaussian Mixture Models are a powerful tool in Data Science and Statistics that are mainly used for clustering and density approximation. The task of estimating the model parameters is in practice often solved by the Expectation…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-08-25 Lena Sembach , Jan Pablo Burgard , Volker H. Schulz

In this work we study systems consisting of a group of moving particles. In such systems, often some important parameters are unknown and have to be estimated from observed data. Such parameter estimation problems can often be solved via a…

Applications · Statistics 2023-07-11 Chen Cheng , Linjie Wen , Jinglai Li

Gaussian mixture models (GMM) are powerful parametric tools with many applications in machine learning and computer vision. Expectation maximization (EM) is the most popular algorithm for estimating the GMM parameters. However, EM…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-11-17 Soheil Kolouri , Gustavo K. Rohde , Heiko Hoffmann

In this article, we study Wasserstein-type metrics and corresponding barycenters for mixtures of a chosen subset of probability measures called atoms hereafter. In particular, this works extends what was proposed by Delon and Desolneux [A…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-01-20 Geneviève Dusson , Virginie Ehrlacher , Nathalie Nouaime

The clustering algorithms that view each object data as a single sample drawn from a certain distribution, Gaussian distribution, for example, has been a hot topic for decades. Many clustering algorithms: such as k-means and spectral…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-25 Xiang Wang , Tie Liu

Many data clustering applications must handle objects that cannot be represented as vectors. In this context, the bag-of-vectors representation describes complex objects through discrete distributions, for which the Wasserstein distance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Alfredo Oneto , Blazhe Gjorgiev , Giovanni Sansavini

We address the problem of efficiently computing Wasserstein distances for multiple pairs of distributions drawn from a meta-distribution. To this end, we propose a fast estimation method based on regressing Wasserstein distance on sliced…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-04 Khai Nguyen , Hai Nguyen , Nhat Ho

Comparing images to recommend items from an image-inventory is a subject of continued interest. Added with the scalability of deep-learning architectures the once `manual' job of hand-crafting features have been largely alleviated, and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-11-15 Y Qian , E Vazquez , B Sengupta

Using statistical learning methods to analyze stochastic simulation outputs can significantly enhance decision-making by uncovering relationships between different simulated systems and between a system's inputs and outputs. We focus on…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-28 Mohammadmahdi Ghasemloo , David J. Eckman
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