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A theoretical model of a quantum device which can factorize any number N in two steps i.e. by preparing an input state and performing a measurement is discussed. The analysis reveals that the duration of state preparation and measurement is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Robert Alicki

We give the first quantum circuit for computing $f(0)$ OR $f(1)$ more reliably than is classically possible with a single evaluation of the function. OR therefore joins XOR (i.e. parity, $f(0) \oplus f(1)$) to give the full set of logical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Howard Barnum , Herbert J. Bernstein , Lee Spector

As quantum processors continue to scale in size and complexity, the need for well-defined, reproducible, and technology-agnostic performance metrics becomes increasingly critical. Here we present a suite of scalable quantum computing…

Two indispensable algorithms in an introductory course on Quantum Computing are Grover's search algorithm and quantum phase estimation. Quantum counting is a simple yet beautiful blend of these two algorithms, and it is therefore an…

Physics Education · Physics 2026-02-26 Natalie Chung , Rafael I. Nepomechie

Building a useful quantum computer is a grand science and engineering challenge, currently pursued intensely by teams around the world. In the 1980s, Richard Feynman and Yuri Manin observed independently that computers based on quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-27 Timothy Proctor , Robin Blume-Kohout , Andrew Baczewski

Shor's algorithm is one of the most promising applications of quantum computers. However, since $\sim 10^6$ physical qubits are believed to be required for established approaches, the algorithm will need to be distributed across many…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-06 Tian Xue , Jacob P. Covey

Quantum memory -- the capacity to store and faithfully recover unknown quantum states -- is essential for quantum-enhanced technology. There is thus a pressing need for operationally meaningful means to benchmark candidate memories across…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-23 Xiao Yuan , Yunchao Liu , Qi Zhao , Bartosz Regula , Jayne Thompson , Mile Gu

Quantum computing provides a new way for approaching problem solving, enabling efficient solutions for problems that are hard on classical computers. It is based on leveraging how quantum particles behave. With researchers around the world…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-29 Ahmed Shokry , Moustafa Youssef

Reasoning about quantum programs remains a fundamental challenge, regardless of the programming model or computational paradigm. Despite extensive research, existing verification techniques are insufficient -- even for quantum circuits, a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-16 Nengkun Yu , Jens Palsberg , Thomas Reps

Quantum Computers offer an intriguing challenge in modern Computer Science. With the inevitable physical limitations to Moore's Law, quantum hardware provides avenues to solve grander problems faster by utilizing Quantum Mechanical…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Samuel T. Bieberich , Ketan C. Maheshwari , Sean R. Wilkinson , Prasanna Date , In-Saeng Suh , Rafael Ferreira da Silva

Quantum machine learning algorithms, the extensions of machine learning to quantum regimes, are believed to be more powerful as they leverage the power of quantum properties. Quantum machine learning methods have been employed to solve…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-06-01 Shree Hari Sureshbabu , Manas Sajjan , Sangchul Oh , Sabre Kais

Quantum computing technology may soon deliver revolutionary improvements in algorithmic performance, but these are only useful if computed answers are correct. While hardware-level decoherence errors have garnered significant attention, a…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Yuxiang Peng , Kesha Hietala , Runzhou Tao , Liyi Li , Robert Rand , Michael Hicks , Xiaodi Wu

Almost all public secure communication relies on the inability to factor large numbers. There is no known analytic or classical numeric method to rapidly factor large numbers. Shor[1] has shown that a quantum computer can factor numbers in…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-02-17 Eric Lewin Altschuler , Timothy J. Williams

Combining quantum computers with classical compute power has become a standard means for developing algorithms that are eventually supposed to beat any purely classical alternatives. While in-principle advantages for solution quality or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-23 Simon Thelen , Wolfgang Mauerer

Combinatorial optimization - a field of research addressing problems that feature strongly in a wealth of scientific and industrial contexts - has been identified as one of the core potential fields of applicability of quantum computers. It…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-19 Niklas Pirnay , Vincent Ulitzsch , Frederik Wilde , Jens Eisert , Jean-Pierre Seifert

Recent advancements in quantum computing are leading to an era of practical utility, enabling the tackling of increasingly complex problems. The goal of this era is to leverage quantum computing to solve real-world problems in fields such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-07 Eneko Osaba , Esther Villar-Rodriguez , Izaskun Oregi

A scheme to encode arbitrarily long integer pairs on degenerate optical parametric oscillations multiplexed in time is proposed. The classical entanglement between the polarization directions and the phases of the oscillating pulses,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-25 Minghui Li , Wei Wang , Zikang Tang , Hou Ian

The application of quantum computation to accelerate machine learning algorithms is one of the most promising areas of research in quantum algorithms. In this paper, we explore the power of quantum learning algorithms in solving an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-19 Yusen Wu , Bujiao Wu , Jingbo Wang , Xiao Yuan

We present experimental results on running 4-qubit unstructured search on IBM quantum processors. Our best attempt attained probability of success around 24.5%. We try several algorithms and use the most recent developments in quantum…

Integer factorization has been one of the cornerstone applications of the field of quantum computing since the discovery of an efficient algorithm for factoring by Peter Shor. Unfortunately, factoring via Shor's algorithm is well beyond the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-28 Eric R. Anschuetz , Jonathan P. Olson , Alán Aspuru-Guzik , Yudong Cao