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Related papers: Learning New Physics from an Imperfect Machine

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Likelihood ratios are used for a variety of applications in particle physics data analysis, including parameter estimation, unfolding, and anomaly detection. When the data are high-dimensional, neural networks provide an effective tools for…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-03-27 Fernando Torales Acosta , Tanvi Wamorkar , Vinicius Mikuni , Benjamin Nachman

We discuss a method that employs a multilayer perceptron to detect deviations from a reference model in large multivariate datasets. Our data analysis strategy does not rely on any prior assumption on the nature of the deviation. It is…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-09-24 Raffaele Tito D'Agnolo , Gaia Grosso , Maurizio Pierini , Andrea Wulzer , Marco Zanetti

This paper discusses model-agnostic searches for new physics at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) using anomaly-detection techniques for the identification of event signatures that deviate from the Standard Model (SM). We investigate anomaly…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-09-26 S. V. Chekanov , W. Hopkins

Parameter estimation via unbinned maximum likelihood fits is central for many analyses performed in high energy physics. Unbinned maximum likelihood fits using event weights, for example to statistically subtract background contributions…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2022-05-09 Christoph Langenbruch

Techniques for understanding the functioning of complex machine learning models are becoming increasingly popular, not only to improve the validation process, but also to extract new insights about the data via exploratory analysis. Though…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-02 Jayaraman J. Thiagarajan , Irene Kim , Rushil Anirudh , Peer-Timo Bremer

Neural networks (NNs) are currently changing the computational paradigm on how to combine data with mathematical laws in physics and engineering in a profound way, tackling challenging inverse and ill-posed problems not solvable with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Apostolos F Psaros , Xuhui Meng , Zongren Zou , Ling Guo , George Em Karniadakis

Modern machine learning tools offer exciting possibilities to qualitatively change the paradigm for new particle searches. In particular, new methods can broaden the search program by gaining sensitivity to unforeseen scenarios by learning…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-10-29 Benjamin Nachman

Uncertainty estimation methods using deep learning approaches strive against separating how uncertain the state of the world manifests to us via measurement (objective end) from the way this gets scrambled with the model specification and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-04-21 Edgardo Solano-Carrillo

Most machine learning techniques are based upon statistical learning theory, often simplified for the sake of computing speed. This paper is focused on the uncertainty aspect of mathematical modeling in machine learning. Regression analysis…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Valentin Arkov

We propose a new scientific application of unsupervised learning techniques to boost our ability to search for new phenomena in data, by detecting discrepancies between two datasets. These could be, for example, a simulated standard-model…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-04-11 Andrea De Simone , Thomas Jacques

Data analysis in science, e.g., high-energy particle physics, is often subject to an intractable likelihood if the observables and observations span a high-dimensional input space. Typically the problem is solved by reducing the…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2021-01-14 Stefan Wunsch , Simon Jörger , Roger Wolf , Günter Quast

Neutrino experiments study the least understood of the Standard Model particles by observing their direct interactions with matter or searching for ultra-rare signals. The study of neutrinos typically requires overcoming large backgrounds,…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-12-30 Fernanda Psihas , Micah Groh , Christopher Tunnell , Karl Warburton

A central goal in experimental high energy physics is to detect new physics signals that are not explained by known physics. In this paper, we aim to search for new signals that appear as deviations from known Standard Model physics in…

Applications · Statistics 2022-12-14 Purvasha Chakravarti , Mikael Kuusela , Jing Lei , Larry Wasserman

Anomaly detection is a key application of machine learning, but is generally focused on the detection of outlying samples in the low probability density regions of data. Here we instead present and motivate a method for unsupervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-23 George Stein , Uros Seljak , Biwei Dai

Artificial neural networks will always make a prediction, even when completely uncertain and regardless of the consequences. This obliviousness of uncertainty is a major obstacle towards their adoption in practice. Techniques exist,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-13 Hans Weytjens , Jochen De Weerdt

In this paper, we consider tests for ultrahigh-dimensional partially linear regression models. The presence of ultrahigh-dimensional nuisance covariates and unknown nuisance function makes the inference problem very challenging. We adopt…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-04-18 Hongwei Shi , Bowen Sun , Weichao Yang , Xu Guo

A particularly challenging problem in AI safety is providing guarantees on the behavior of high-dimensional autonomous systems. Verification approaches centered around reachability analysis fail to scale, and purely statistical approaches…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Souradeep Dutta , Michele Caprio , Vivian Lin , Matthew Cleaveland , Kuk Jin Jang , Ivan Ruchkin , Oleg Sokolsky , Insup Lee

We study how to utilize (possibly machine-learned) predictions in a model for computing under uncertainty in which an algorithm can query unknown data. The goal is to minimize the number of queries needed to solve the problem. We consider…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Thomas Erlebach , Murilo S. de Lima , Nicole Megow , Jens Schlöter

The validation of a theory is commonly based on appealing to clearly distinguishable and describable features in properly reduced experimental data, while the use of ab-initio simulation for interpreting experimental data typically requires…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2018-12-18 A. Gonoskov , E. Wallin , A. Polovinkin , I. Meyerov

Depending on the point of view, modern machine learning is either providing an unprecedented boost to the numerical methods of particle physics, or it is transforming the way we do science with vast amounts of complex data. In any case, it…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-04-25 Tilman Plehn , Anja Butter , Barry Dillon , Theo Heimel , Claudius Krause , Ramon Winterhalder