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In this paper, we propose a quantum code division multiple access (q-CDMA) based continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) system. In the proposed system, the quantum states of two senders ($\text{Alice}_{1,2}$) are chaotically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-14 Shahnoor Ali , Neel Kanth Kundu

In a comment, Xu, Curty, Qi, Qian, and Lo claimed that discrete-variable (DV) measurement device independent (MDI) quantum key distribution (QKD) would compete with its continuous-variable (CV) counterpart at metropolitan distances.…

We introduce a diversity extraction for multicarrier continuous-variable (CV) quantum key distribution (QKD). The diversity extraction utilizes the resources that are injected into the transmission by the additional degrees of freedom of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-11 Laszlo Gyongyosi

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a means of generating keys between a pair of computing hosts that is theoretically secure against cryptanalysis, even by a quantum computer. Although there is much active research into improving the QKD…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-12-08 Piotr K. Tysowski , Xinhua Ling , Norbert Lütkenhaus , Michele Mosca

Although multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) terahertz (THz) continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) is theoretically secure, practical vulnerabilities may arise due to detector imperfections. This paper explores a CV…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-10 Leixin Wu , Congtian Deng , Jiayu Pan , Lingtao Zhang , Yanyan Feng , Runbo Zhao , Yang Shen , Yuying Zhang , Jian Zhou

Previous research has aimed to precisely estimate information leakage to improve the secure key rate (SKR) and maximum transmission distance in quantum key distribution (QKD). However, existing methods repeatedly considerd the information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-14 Hao-Kun Mao , Bo Yang , Yu-Cheng Qiao , Bing-Ze Yan , Qiang Zhao , Bing-Jie Xu , Qiong Li

We demonstrate that, with a fair comparison, the secret key rate of discrete-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (DV-MDI-QKD) with high-efficiency single-photon detectors and good system alignment is typically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-01 Feihu Xu , Marcos Curty , Bing Qi , Li Qian , Hoi-Kwong Lo

More than Mbps secret key rate was demonstrated for continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) systems, but real-time postprocessing is not allowed, which is restricted by the throughput of the error correction decoding in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-06 Chuang Zhou , Yang Li , Li Ma , Jie Yang , Wei Huang , Heng Wang , Yujie Luo , Francis C. M. Lau , Yong Li , Bingjie Xu

Here we report the performance of a discrete modulated Continuous Variable Quantum Key Distribution protocol based on eight and sixteen state optimal Amplitude Phase Keying constellations with pure loss quantum channel transmission. Our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-20 Micael Andrade Dias , Francisco Marcos de Assis

A crucial goal for quantum key distribution (QKD) is to transmit unconditionally secure keys over long distances. Previous studies show that the key rate of point-to-point QKD is limited by a secret key rate capacity bound, and higher key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-30 Yingqiu Mao , Pei Zeng , Teng-Yun Chen

One crucial step in any quantum key distribution (QKD) scheme is parameter estimation. In a typical QKD protocol the users have to sacrifice part of their raw data to estimate the parameters of the communication channel as, for example, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-08 Cosmo Lupo , Carlo Ottaviani , Panagiotis Papanastasiou , Stefano Pirandola

In principle, quantum key distribution (QKD) offers information-theoretic security based on the laws of physics. In practice, however, the imperfections of realistic devices might introduce deviations from the idealized models used in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-01 Feihu Xu , Xiongfeng Ma , Qiang Zhang , Hoi-Kwong Lo , Jian-Wei Pan

Symmetry plays a fundamental role in the security analysis of quantum key distribution (QKD). Here we review how symmetry is exploited in continuous-variable (CV) QKD to prove the optimality of Gaussian attacks in the finite-size regime. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-21 Cosmo Lupo

We propose a high-rate scheme for discretely-modulated continuous-variable quantum key distribution (DM CVQKD) using quantum machine learning technologies, which divides the whole CVQKD system into three parts, i.e., the initialization part…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-08 Qin Liao , Jieyu Liu , Anqi Huang , Lei Huang , Zhuoying Fei , Xiquan Fu

Continuous-variable (CV) quantum key distribution (QKD) employs the quadratures of a bosonic mode to establish a secret key between two remote parties, and this is usually achieved via a Gaussian modulation of coherent states. The resulting…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) offers a reliable solution to communication problems that require long-term data security. For its widespread use, however, the rate and reach of QKD systems must be improved. Twin-field (TF) QKD is a step…

The maximum operational range of continuous variable quantum key distribution protocols has shown to be improved by employing high-efficiency forward error correction codes. Typically, the secret key rate model for such protocols is…

In the evolving landscape of quantum technology, the increasing prominence of quantum computing poses a significant threat to the security of conventional public key infrastructure. Quantum key distribution (QKD), an established quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-15 Kaiwei Qiu , Jing Yan Haw , Hao Qin , Nelly H. Y. Ng , Michael Kasper , Alexander Ling

Security proof methods for quantum key distribution, QKD, that are based on the numerical key rate calculation problem, are powerful in principle. However, the practicality of the methods are limited by computational resources and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-14 Hao Hu , Jiyoung Im , Jie Lin , Norbert Lütkenhaus , Henry Wolkowicz

Quantum key distribution (QKD) can provide point-to-point information-theoretic secure key services for two connected users. In fact, the development of QKD networks needs more focus from the scientific community in order to broaden the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-13 Jia-Meng Yao , Ya-Xing Wang , Qiong Li , Hao-Kun Mao , Ahmed A. Abd El-Latif , Nan Chen