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The success of deep learning comes from its ability to capture the hierarchical structure of data by learning high-level representations defined in terms of low-level ones. In this paper we explore self-supervised learning of hierarchical…

In this paper, we explore vector quantization for acoustic unit discovery. Leveraging unlabelled data, we aim to learn discrete representations of speech that separate phonetic content from speaker-specific details. We propose two neural…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-20 Benjamin van Niekerk , Leanne Nortje , Herman Kamper

This study addresses the speech enhancement (SE) task within the causal inference paradigm by modeling the noise presence as an intervention. Based on the potential outcome framework, the proposed causal inference-based speech enhancement…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-03 Tsun-An Hsieh , Chao-Han Huck Yang , Pin-Yu Chen , Sabato Marco Siniscalchi , Yu Tsao

Many speech processing tasks involve measuring the acoustic similarity between speech segments. Acoustic word embeddings (AWE) allow for efficient comparisons by mapping speech segments of arbitrary duration to fixed-dimensional vectors.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Lisa van Staden , Herman Kamper

Acoustic environment characterization opens doors for sound reproduction innovations, smart EQing, speech enhancement, hearing aids, and forensics. Reverberation time, clarity, and direct-to-reverberant ratio are acoustic parameters that…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Paul Callens , Milos Cernak

Decoding speech from brain activity is a long-awaited goal in both healthcare and neuroscience. Invasive devices have recently led to major milestones in that regard: deep learning algorithms trained on intracranial recordings now start to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-06 Alexandre Défossez , Charlotte Caucheteux , Jérémy Rapin , Ori Kabeli , Jean-Rémi King

Speech perception is key to verbal communication. For people with hearing loss, the capability to recognize speech is restricted, particularly in a noisy environment or the situations without visual cues, such as lip-reading unavailable via…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-12-21 Rung-Yu Tseng , Tao-Wei Wang , Szu-Wei Fu , Chia-Ying Lee , Yu Tsao

In this paper, we propose a neural-based coding scheme in which an artificial neural network is exploited to automatically compress and decompress speech signals by a trainable approach. Having a two-stage training phase, the system can be…

Sound · Computer Science 2016-01-25 Mahmood Yousefi-Azar , Farbod Razzazi

Encoding models provide a powerful framework for linking continuous stimulus features to neural activity; however, traditional voxelwise approaches are limited by measurement noise, inter-subject variability, and redundancy arising from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Kamya Hari , Taha Binhuraib , Jin Li , Cory Shain , Anna A. Ivanova

Speech-based detection of cognitive impairment (CI) offers a promising non-invasive approach for early diagnosis, yet performance disparities across demographic and clinical subgroups remain underexplored, raising concerns around fairness…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-04 Kashaf Gulzar , Korbinian Riedhammer , Elmar Nöth , Andreas K. Maier , Paula Andrea Pérez-Toro

Automatic detection of phoneme or word-like units is one of the core objectives in zero-resource speech processing. Recent attempts employ self-supervised training methods, such as contrastive predictive coding (CPC), where the next frame…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-07 Saurabhchand Bhati , Jesús Villalba , Piotr Żelasko , Laureano Moro-Velazquez , Najim Dehak

One of the symptoms observed in the early stages of Parkinson's Disease (PD) is speech impairment. Speech disorders can be used to detect this disease before it degenerates. This work analyzes speech features and machine learning approaches…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-22 Adedolapo Aishat Toye , Suryaprakash Kompalli

In this paper, we compare the performance of using binaural audio features in place of single-channel features for sound event detection. Three different binaural features are studied and evaluated on the publicly available TUT Sound Events…

Sound · Computer Science 2017-10-10 Sharath Adavanne , Tuomas Virtanen

In this paper we demonstrate continuous noisy speech recognition using connectionist temporal classification (CTC) model on limited Chinese vocabulary using electroencephalography (EEG) features with no speech signal as input and we further…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-02 Gautam Krishna , Co Tran , Yan Han , Mason Carnahan , Ahmed H Tewfik

Clarifying the neural basis of speech intelligibility is critical for computational neuroscience and digital speech processing. Recent neuroimaging studies have shown that intelligibility modulates cortical activity beyond simple acoustics,…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-05 Ching-Chih Sung , Shuntaro Suzuki , Francis Pingfan Chien , Komei Sugiura , Yu Tsao

This review paper explores recent advances in deep learning approaches for non-invasive cognitive impairment detection. We examine various non-invasive indicators of cognitive decline, including speech and language, facial, and motoric…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Muath Alsuhaibani , Ali Pourramezan Fard , Jian Sun , Farida Far Poor , Peter S. Pressman , Mohammad H. Mahoor

Standardized tests play a crucial role in the detection of cognitive impairment. Previous work demonstrated that automatic detection of cognitive impairment is possible using audio data from a standardized picture description task. The…

Brain-computer interface (BCI) is the technology that enables the communication between humans and devices by reflecting status and intentions of humans. When conducting imagined speech, the users imagine the pronunciation as if actually…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Dae-Hyeok Lee , Sung-Jin Kim , Keon-Woo Lee

Electroencephalography (EEG)-based wearable brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) face challenges due to low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and non-stationary neural activity. We introduce in this manuscript a mathematically rigorous framework that…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-24 Eva Guttmann-Flury , Shan Zhao , Jian Zhao , Mohamad Sawan

Background: Current mathematical quantification methods for beam symmetry are highly sensitive to noise, especially in beam profiles with significant variation. Purpose: This study evaluates the accuracy of standard radiotherapy beam…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-09-30 Dalton H Bermudez , Wesley Culberson