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Developing scalable quantum algorithms to study finite-temperature physics of quantum many-body systems has attracted considerable interest due to recent advancements in quantum hardware. However, such algorithms in their present form…

Imaginary-time evolution is a standard primitive for ground-state preparation but is nonunitary, precluding direct quantum implementation. We develop Finite Imaginary-Time Evolution (FinITE), a finite-beta construction for diagonal Pauli-Z…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-01 Jaehee Kim , Juhyeon Kim , Gwonhak Lee , Kyunghyun Baek , Daniel K. Park , Jeongho Bang , Joonsuk Huh

Imaginary time evolution is a powerful tool for studying quantum systems. While it is possible to simulate with a classical computer, the time and memory requirements generally scale exponentially with the system size. Conversely, quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-17 Sam McArdle , Tyson Jones , Suguru Endo , Ying Li , Simon Benjamin , Xiao Yuan

The quantum computer offers significant advantages in simulating physical systems, particularly those with exponentially large state spaces, such as quantum systems. Stochastic reaction-diffusion systems, characterized by their stochastic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-18 Louie Hong Yao

The time evolution operator plays a crucial role in the precise computation of chemical experiments on quantum computers and holds immense promise for advancing the fields of physical and computer sciences, with applications spanning…

We propose a novel method to sequentially optimize arbitrary single-qubit gates in parameterized quantum circuits for simulating real and imaginary time evolution. The method utilizes full degrees of freedom of single-qubit gates and…

Evolution in imaginary time is a prominent technique for finding the ground state of quantum many-body systems, and the heart of a number of numerical methods that have been used with great success in quantum chemistry, condensed matter and…

Non-unitary state preparation protocols such as imaginary time evolution (ITE) offer substantial advantages relative to unitary ones, including the ability to prepare certain long-range correlated states more efficiently. Here, we ask…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-20 Aleksei Khindanov , Yongxin Yao , Thomas Iadecola

For quantum state preparation, a non-unitary operator is typically designed to decay undesirable states contained in an initial state using ancilla qubits and a probabilistic action. Probabilistic algorithms do not accelerate the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-22 Hirofumi Nishi , Taichi Kosugi , Yusuke Nishiya , Yu-ichiro Matsushita

We reveal the power of Grover's algorithm from thermodynamic and geometric perspectives by showing that it is a product formula approximation of imaginary-time evolution (ITE), a Riemannian gradient flow on the special unitary group. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-13 Yudai Suzuki , Marek Gluza , Jeongrak Son , Bi Hong Tiang , Nelly H. Y. Ng , Zoë Holmes

The current generation of noisy intermediate scale quantum computers introduces new opportunities to study quantum many-body systems. In this paper, we show that quantum circuits can provide a dramatically more efficient representation than…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-24 Sheng-Hsuan Lin , Rohit Dilip , Andrew G. Green , Adam Smith , Frank Pollmann

We introduce a constructive method for mapping non-unitary dynamics to a weighted set of unitary operations. We utilize this construction to derive a new correspondence between real and imaginary time, which we term Imaginary Time Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-11 Jacob M. Leamer , Alicia B. Magann , Denys I. Bondar , Gerard McCaul

Excited states of many-body quantum systems play a key role in a wide range of physical and chemical phenomena. Unlike ground states, for which many efficient variational techniques exist, there are few ways to systematically construct…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-04 D. A. Millar , L. W. Anderson , E. Altamura , O. Wallis , M. E. Sahin , J. Crain , S. J. Thomson

We introduce the generative quantum eigensolver (GQE), a new quantum computational framework that operates outside the variational quantum algorithm paradigm by applying classical generative models to quantum simulation. The GQE algorithm…

Quantum simulation on emerging quantum hardware is a topic of intense interest. While many studies focus on computing ground state properties or simulating unitary dynamics of closed systems, open quantum systems are an interesting target…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-21 Hirsh Kamakari , Shi-Ning Sun , Mario Motta , Austin J. Minnich

Simulation of quantum matters is a significant application of quantum computers. In contrast to the unitary operation which can be realized naturally on a quantum computer, the implementation of nonunitary operation, widely used in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-21 Tong Liu , Jin-Guo Liu , Heng Fan

The imaginary-time evolution method is widely known to be efficient for obtaining the ground state in quantum many-body problems on a classical computer. A recently proposed quantum imaginary-time evolution method (QITE) faces problems of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-04 Hirofumi Nishi , Taichi Kosugi , Yu-ichiro Matsushita

Imaginary-time evolution is fundamental for analyzing quantum many-body systems, yet classical simulation requires exponentially growing resources in both system size and evolution time. While quantum approaches reduce the system-size…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-12 Lei Zhang , Jizhe Lai , Xian Wu , Xin Wang

The imaginary-time evolution of quantum states is integral to various fields, ranging from natural sciences to classical optimization or machine learning. Since simulating quantum imaginary-time evolution generally requires storing an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-17 Julien Gacon , Christa Zoufal , Giuseppe Carleo , Stefan Woerner

First-quantized eigensolver (FQE) is a recently proposed framework of quantum computation for obtaining the ground state of an interacting electronic system based on probabilistic imaginary-time evolution. In this study, we propose a method…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-19 Taichi Kosugi , Hirofumi Nishi , Yu-ichiro Matsushita