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To provide users with more realistic visual experiences, videos are developing in the trends of Ultra High Definition (UHD), High Frame Rate (HFR), High Dynamic Range (HDR), Wide Color Gammut (WCG) and high clarity. However, the data amount…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Yun Zhang , Linwei Zhu , Gangyi Jiang , Sam Kwong , C. -C. Jay Kuo

The main contributions of this paper are twofold: First, we present an in-depth analysis of the impact of frame rate reductions on the visual quality of the video and the encoding as well as decoding energy. Second, we propose a lightweight…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-20 Geetha Ramasubbu , Andrè Kaup , Christian Herglotz

In this paper, we propose a preference-aware cooperative video streaming system for videos encoded using Scalable Video Coding (SVC) where all the collaborating users are interested in watching a video together on a shared screen. However,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-10-01 Anis Elgabli , Muhamad Felemban , Vaneet Aggarwal

In today's society, live video streaming and user generated content streamed from battery powered devices are ubiquitous. Live streaming requires real-time video encoding, and hardware video encoders are well suited for such an encoding…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-15 Diwakara Reddy , Christian Herglotz , André Kaup

Traditional per-title encoding schemes aim to optimize encoding resolutions to deliver the highest perceptual quality for each representation. However, keeping the encoding time within an acceptable threshold for a smooth user experience is…

The Versatile Video Coding (VVC) standard has been recently finalized by the Joint Video Exploration Team (JVET). Compared to the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard, VVC offers about 50% compression efficiency gain, in terms of…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Yiqun Liu , Marc Riviere , Thomas Guionnet , Aline Roumy , Christine Guillemot

Versatile Video Coding (VVC) allows for large compression efficiency gains over its predecessor, High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC). The added efficiency comes at the cost of increased runtime complexity, especially for encoding. It is…

In this paper, we show that processor events like instruction counts or cache misses can be used to accurately estimate the processing energy of software video decoders. Therefore, we perform energy measurements on an ARM-based evaluation…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-27 Christian Herglotz , André Kaup

In recent years, video analysis using Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been widely used, due to the remarkable development of image recognition technology using deep learning. In 2019, the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) has started…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Takahiro Shindo , Taiju Watanabe , Kein Yamada , Hiroshi Watanabe

Most of the existing deep learning based end-to-end image/video coding (DLEC) architectures are designed for non-subsampled RGB color format. However, in order to achieve a superior coding performance, many state-of-the-art block-based…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-30 Hilmi E. Egilmez , Ankitesh K. Singh , Muhammed Coban , Marta Karczewicz , Yinhao Zhu , Yang Yang , Amir Said , Taco S. Cohen

The user experience in adaptive HTTP streaming relies on offering bitrate ladders with suitable operation points for all users and typically involves multiple resolutions. While open GOP coding structures are generally known to provide…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-30 Robert Skupin , Christian Bartnik , Adam Wieckowski , Yago Sanchez , Benjamin Bross , Cornelius Hellge , Thomas Schierl

Decoding strategies significantly influence the quality and diversity of the generated text in Large Language Models (LLMs), yet their impact on computational resources, particularly GPU energy consumption, is insufficiently studied. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Alireza Nik , Michael A. Riegler , Pål Halvorsen

To deliver ultra-high resolution 360-degree video (such as 8K, 12K, or even higher) across the internet, viewport-dependent streaming becomes necessary to save bandwidth. During viewport switches, clients and servers will instantly exchange…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Gang Shen , Mingyang Ma , Guangxin Xu

For adaptive streaming applications, low-complexity and accurate video complexity features are necessary to analyze the video content in real time, which ensures fast and compression-efficient video streaming without disruptions.…

In this paper, we study decoding energy reduction opportunities using temporal-domain filtering and subsampling methods. In particular, we study spatiotemporal filtering using a contrast sensitivity function and temporal downscaling, i.e.,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-13 Christian Herglotz , Matthias Kränzler , Robert Ludwig , André Kaup

Adaptive live video streaming applications use a fixed predefined configuration for the bitrate ladder with constant framerate and encoding presets in a session. However, selecting optimized framerates and presets for every bitrate ladder…

Improvements in networking technologies and the steadily increasing numbers of users, as well as the shift from traditional broadcasting to streaming content over the Internet, have made video applications (e.g., live and Video-on-Demand…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Reza Farahani , Zoha Azimi , Christian Timmerer , Radu Prodan

In recent years, end-to-end learnt video codecs have demonstrated their potential to compete with conventional coding algorithms in term of compression efficiency. However, most learning-based video compression models are associated with…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-02 Tianhao Peng , Ge Gao , Heming Sun , Fan Zhang , David Bull

Deep-learning-based video processing has yielded transformative results in recent years. However, the video analytics pipeline is energy-intensive due to high data rates and reliance on complex inference algorithms, which limits its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Yingying Zhao , Mingzhi Dong , Yujiang Wang , Da Feng , Qin Lv , Robert P. Dick , Dongsheng Li , Tun Lu , Ning Gu , Li Shang

Adaptive video streaming has facilitated improved video streaming over the past years. A balance among coding performance objectives such as bitrate, video quality, and decoding complexity is required to achieve efficient, content- and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-16 Angeliki Katsenou , Vignesh V. Menon , Guoda Laurinaviciute , Benjamin Bross , Detlev Marpe