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Increasing demand for Large Language Models (LLMs) services imposes substantial deployment and computation costs on providers. LLM routing offers a cost-efficient solution by directing queries to the optimal LLM based on model and query…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Fangzhou Wu , Sandeep Silwal

We study online decision making problems under resource constraints, where both reward and cost functions are drawn from distributions that may change adversarially over time. We focus on two canonical settings: $(i)$ online resource…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Francesco Emanuele Stradi , Matteo Castiglioni , Alberto Marchesi , Nicola Gatti , Christian Kroer

To successfully navigate its environment, an agent must construct and maintain representations of the other agents that it encounters. Such representations are useful for many tasks, but they are not without cost. As a result, agents must…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Max Taylor-Davies , Christopher G. Lucas

The autonomous exploration of environments by multi-robot systems is a critical task with broad applications in rescue missions, exploration endeavors, and beyond. Current approaches often rely on either greedy frontier selection or…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Gengyuan Cai , Luosong Guo , Xiangmao Chang

In the rapidly evolving landscape of 5G and beyond, cloud-native Open Radio Access Networks (O-RAN) present a paradigm shift towards intelligent, flexible, and sustainable network operations. This study addresses the intricate challenge of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-17 Rana M. Sohaib , Syed Tariq Shah , Oluwakayode Onireti , Yusuf Sambo , M. A. Imran

The demands of ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) in ``NextG" cellular networks necessitate innovative approaches for efficient resource utilisation. The current literature on 6G O-RAN primarily addresses improved mobile…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Rana M. Sohaib , Syed Tariq Shah , Poonam Yadav

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has recently been used to perform efficient resource allocation in wireless communications. In this paper, the vulnerabilities of such DRL agents to adversarial attacks is studied. In particular, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-13 Feng Wang , M. Cenk Gursoy , Senem Velipasalar

Allowing less capable devices to offload computational tasks to more powerful devices or servers enables the development of new applications that may not run correctly on the device itself. Deciding where and why to run each of those…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Gorka Nieto , Idoia de la Iglesia , Cristina Perfecto , Unai Lopez-Novoa

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has been proven its efficiency in capturing users' dynamic interests in recent literature. However, training a DRL agent is challenging, because of the sparse environment in recommender systems (RS), DRL…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Xiaocong Chen , Siyu Wang , Lina Yao , Lianyong Qi , Yong Li

Constrained reinforcement learning is to maximize the expected reward subject to constraints on utilities/costs. However, the training environment may not be the same as the test one, due to, e.g., modeling error, adversarial attack,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Yue Wang , Fei Miao , Shaofeng Zou

In this paper, we develop a knowledge-assisted deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithm to design wireless schedulers in the fifth-generation (5G) cellular networks with time-sensitive traffic. Since the scheduling policy is a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-04 Zhouyou Gu , Changyang She , Wibowo Hardjawana , Simon Lumb , David McKechnie , Todd Essery , Branka Vucetic

Distributed learning and adaptation have received significant interest and found wide-ranging applications in machine learning and signal processing. While various approaches, such as shared-memory optimization, multi-task learning, and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-03 Pourya Behmandpoor , Marc Moonen , Panagiotis Patrinos

Effective network slicing requires an infrastructure/network provider to deal with the uncertain demand and real-time dynamics of network resource requests. Another challenge is the combinatorial optimization of numerous resources, e.g.,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-02-27 Nguyen Van Huynh , Dinh Thai Hoang , Diep N. Nguyen , Eryk Dutkiewicz

Finding optimal bidding strategies for generation units in electricity markets would result in higher profit. However, it is a challenging problem due to the system uncertainty which is due to the unknown other generation units' strategies.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-15 Pegah Rokhforoz , Olga Fink

Efficient allocation of resources to activities is pivotal in executing business processes but remains challenging. While resource allocation methodologies are well-established in domains like manufacturing, their application within…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-19 J. Middelhuis , R. Lo Bianco , E. Scherzer , Z. A. Bukhsh , I. J. B. F. Adan , R. M. Dijkman

Communication is an important factor for the big multi-agent world to stay organized and productive. Recently, the AI community has applied the Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) to learn the communication strategy and the control policy for…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-03-14 Hangyu Mao , Zhibo Gong , Zhengchao Zhang , Zhen Xiao , Yan Ni

Network slicing is a key enabler for providing a differentiated service support to heterogeneous use cases and applications in 5G and beyond networks through creating multiple logical slices. Resource allocation for satisfying diverse…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-13 Onur Sever , Onur Salan , Ibrahim Hokelek , Ali Gorcin

Network slicing is a promising technology that allows mobile network operators to efficiently serve various emerging use cases in 5G. It is challenging to optimize the utilization of network infrastructures while guaranteeing the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Qiang Liu , Nakjung Choi , Tao Han

High energy consumption remains a key challenge in high-performance computing (HPC) systems, which often feature hundreds or thousands of nodes drawing substantial power even in idle or standby modes. Although powering down unused nodes can…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Thomas Budiarjo , Santana Yuda Pradata , Kadek Gemilang Santiyuda , Muhammad Alfian Amrizal , Reza Pulungan , Hiroyuki Takizawa

Motivated by real-world settings where data collection and policy deployment -- whether for a single agent or across multiple agents -- are costly, we study the problem of on-policy single-agent reinforcement learning (RL) and federated RL…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-11 Haochen Zhang , Zhong Zheng , Lingzhou Xue