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In this paper, we investigate the problem of generating the spanning trees of a graph $G$ up to the automorphisms or "symmetries" of $G$. After introducing and surveying this problem for general input graphs, we present algorithms that…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Mithra Karamchedu , Lucas Bang

Homomorphism is a key mapping technique between graphs that preserves their structure. Given a graph and a pattern, the subgraph homomorphism problem involves finding a mapping from the pattern to the graph, ensuring that adjacent vertices…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Shuyang Guo , Wenjin Xie , Ping Lu , Ting Deng , Richong Zhang , Jianxin Li , Xiangping Huang , Zhongyi Liu

A digraph is connected-homogeneous if any isomorphism between finite connected induced subdigraphs extends to an automorphism of the digraph. We consider locally-finite connected-homogeneous digraphs with more than one end. In the case that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-11-30 Robert Gray , Rognvaldur G. Moller

Many important results in extremal graph theory can be roughly summarised as "if a triangle-free graph $G$ has certain properties, then it has a homomorphism to a triangle-free graph $\Gamma$ of bounded size". For example, bounds on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-16 Lior Gishboliner , Eoin Hurley , Yuval Wigderson

Let $G = (V,E)$ denote a simple graph with the vertex set $V$ and the edge set $E$. The profile of a vertex set $V'\subseteq V$ denotes the multiset of pairwise distances between the vertices of $V'$. Two disjoint subsets of $V$ are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-11-08 Radoslav Fulek , Slobodan Mitrović

The treewidth of a graph is an important invariant in structural and algorithmic graph theory. This paper studies the treewidth of line graphs. We show that determining the treewidth of the line graph of a graph $G$ is equivalent to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-09-25 Daniel J. Harvey , David R. Wood

An $H$-graph is one representable as the intersection graph of connected subgraphs of a suitable subdivision of a fixed graph $H$, introduced by Bir\'{o}, Hujter and Tuza (1992). An $H$-graph is proper if the representing subgraphs of $H$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Deniz Ağaoğlu Çağırıcı , Petr Hliněný

For graphs $G,H$, a homomorphism from $G$ to $H$ is an edge-preserving mapping from $V(G)$ to $V(H)$. In the list homomorphism problem, denoted by \textsc{LHom}($H$), we are given a graph $G$ and lists $L: V(G) \to 2^{V(H)}$, and we ask for…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-09-25 Marta Piecyk , Paweł Rzążewski

Two graphs $G_1,G_2$ are distinguished by the Weisfeiler--Leman isomorphism test if and only if there is a tree $T$ that has a different number of homomorphisms to $G_1$ and to $G_2$. There are two known proofs of this fact -- a logical…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-22 Alexander Kozachinskiy

An $H$-graph is an intersection graph of connected subgraphs of a suitable subdivision of a fixed graph $H$. Many important classes of graphs, including interval graphs, circular-arc graphs, and chordal graphs, can be expressed as…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Deniz Ağaoğlu Çağırıcı , Peter Zeman

We show that for every graph $H$, there is a hereditary weakly sparse graph class $\mathcal C_H$ of unbounded treewidth such that the $H$-free (i.e., excluding $H$ as an induced subgraph) graphs of $\mathcal C_H$ have bounded treewidth.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-02 Bogdan Alecu , Édouard Bonnet , Pedro Bureo Villafana , Nicolas Trotignon

For every fixed graph $H$, it is known that homomorphism counts from $H$ and colorful $H$-subgraph counts can be determined in $O(n^{t+1})$ time on $n$-vertex input graphs $G$, where $t$ is the treewidth of $H$. On the other hand, a running…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-05-30 C. S. Bhargav , Shiteng Chen , Radu Curticapean , Prateek Dwivedi

An isomorphism between two graphs is a bijection between their vertices that preserves the edges. We consider the problem of determining whether two finite undirected weighted graphs are isomorphic, and finding an isomorphism relating them…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-11-03 Reza Takapoui , Stephen Boyd

We use a tensor unfolding technique to prove a new identifiability result for discrete bipartite graphical models, which have a bipartite graph between an observed and a latent layer. This model family includes popular models such as…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-01-22 Yuqi Gu

Let $H$ be a fixed graph. What can be said about graphs $G$ that have no subgraph isomorphic to a subdivision of $H$? Grohe and Marx proved that such graphs $G$ satisfy a certain structure theorem that is not satisfied by graphs that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-05-10 Chun-Hung Liu , Robin Thomas

Many problems in extremal graph theory correspond to questions involving homomorphisms into a fixed image graph. Recently, there has been interest in maximizing the number of homomorphisms from graphs with a fixed number of vertices and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-06-09 Jonathan Cutler , Nicholas Kass

Let $A$ and $B$ be C$^*$-algebras. A linear map $T:A\to B$ is said to be a $^*$-homomorphism at an element $z\in A$ if $a b^*=z$ in $A$ implies $T (a b^*) =T (a) T (b)^* =T(z)$, and $ c^* d=z$ in $A$ gives $T (c^* d) =T (c)^* T (d) =T(z).$…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2016-09-27 María J. Burgos , J. Cabello-Sánchez , Antonio M. Peralta

We study two subspace systems in a separable infinite-dimensional Hilbert space up to (bounded) isomorphism. One of the main result of this paper is the following: Isomorphism classes of two subspace systems given by graphs of bounded…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2018-10-15 Masatoshi Enomoto , Yasuo Watatani

Treewidth is a parameter that emerged from the study of minor closed classes of graphs (i.e. classes closed under vertex and edge deletion, and edge contraction). It in some sense describes the global structure of a graph. Roughly, a graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-02 Tara Abrishami , Maria Chudnovsky , Kristina Vušković

Digraphs H for which the list homomorphism problem with template H (LHOM(H)) is in logspace (L) was characterized by Egri et al. (SODA 2014): LHOM(H) is in L if and only if H does not contain a circular N (assuming L is different from NL).…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-10-27 Laszlo Egri
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