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Can machine learning help discover new mathematical structures? In this article we discuss an approach to doing this which one can call "mathematical data science". In this paradigm, one studies mathematical objects collectively rather than…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-02-14 Michael R. Douglas , Kyu-Hwan Lee

A particularly important substructure in modeling joint linear chance-constrained programs with random right-hand sides and finite sample space is the intersection of mixing sets with common binary variables (and possibly a knapsack…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-30 Fatma Kılınç-Karzan , Simge Küçükyavuz , Dabeen Lee

Federated learning enables multiple medical institutions to train a global model without sharing data, yet feature heterogeneity from diverse scanners or protocols remains a major challenge. Many existing works attempt to address this issue…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Xingyue Zhao , Wenke Huang , Xingguang Wang , Haoyu Zhao , Linghao Zhuang , Anwen Jiang , Guancheng Wan , Mang Ye

This work addressed the problem of learning a network with communication between vertices. The communication between vertices is presented in the form of perturbation on the measure. We studied the scenario where samples are drawn from a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-23 Yihan He

We introduce a novel concept of rank for subsets of finite metric spaces E^n_q (the set of all n-dimensional vectors over an alphabet of size q) equipped with the Hamming distance, where the rank R(A) of a subset A is defined as the number…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Jamolidin K. Abdurakhmanov

In this paper, we show that high-performing embedding models organize their embedding spaces in a consistent way. We evaluate 25 contemporary embedding models on five MTEB tasks spanning four diverse task categories (retrieval, bitext…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Amanda Myntti , Jenna Kanerva , Veronika Laippala , Filip Ginter

Chance-constrained programming is a widely used framework for decision-making under uncertainty, yet its mixed-integer reformulations involve nonconvex mixing sets with a knapsack constraint, leading to weak relaxations and computational…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-22 Danial Davarnia , Hamed Rahimian

In this paper we investigate the problem of learning evolving concepts over a combinatorial structure. Previous work by Emamjomeh-Zadeh et al. [2020] introduced dynamics into interactive learning as a way to model non-static user…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Xing Gao , Thomas Maranzatto , Lev Reyzin

Current distributed data fabrics lack a rigorous mathematical foundation, often relying on ad-hoc architectures that struggle with consistency, lineage, and scale. We propose a mathematical framework for data fabrics, unifying heterogeneous…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-17 T. Shaska , I. Kotsireas

Learning to reliably perceive and understand the scene is an integral enabler for robots to operate in the real-world. This problem is inherently challenging due to the multitude of object types as well as appearance changes caused by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-05 Abhinav Valada , Rohit Mohan , Wolfram Burgard

Budgeted uncertainty sets have been established as a major influence on uncertainty modeling for robust optimization problems. A drawback of such sets is that the budget constraint only restricts the global amount of cost increase that can…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-08-28 Marc Goerigk , Stefan Lendl

Distances are pervasive in machine learning. They serve as similarity measures, loss functions, and learning targets; it is said that a good distance measure solves a task. When defining distances, the triangle inequality has proven to be a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Silviu Pitis , Harris Chan , Kiarash Jamali , Jimmy Ba

Energy-minimizing constraint maps are a natural extension of the obstacle problem within a vectorial framework. Due to inherent topological constraints, these maps manifest a diverse structure that includes singularities similar to harmonic…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-08-01 Alessio Figalli , André Guerra , Sunghan Kim , Henrik Shahgholian

The seminal result of Johnson and Lindenstrauss on random embeddings has been intensively studied in applied and theoretical computer science. Despite that vast body of literature, we still lack of complete understanding of statistical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Maciej Skorski

The idea of convex sets and various related results in 2-Probabilistic normed spaces were established in [HR]. In this paper, We obtain the concepts of convex series closedness, convex series compactness, boundedness and their…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2017-08-04 P. K. Harikrishnan , Bernardo Lafuerza Guillen , K. T. Ravindran

In this paper we present a new algorithm for multivariate interpolation of scattered data sets lying in convex domains $\Omega \subseteq \RR^N$, for any $N \geq 2$. To organize the points in a multidimensional space, we build a $kd$-tree…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-09-22 Roberto Cavoretto , Alessandra De Rossi , Emma Perracchione

Kernel techniques are among the most popular and flexible approaches in data science allowing to represent probability measures without loss of information under mild conditions. The resulting mapping called mean embedding gives rise to a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-11-27 Linda Chamakh , Zoltan Szabo

Diffusion, a fundamental internal mechanism emerging in many physical processes, describes the interaction among different objects. In many learning tasks with limited training samples, the diffusion connects the labeled and unlabeled data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Tangjun Wang , Zehao Dou , Chenglong Bao , Zuoqiang Shi

Probabilistic programs with dynamic computation graphs can define measures over sample spaces with unbounded dimensionality, which constitute programmatic analogues to Bayesian nonparametrics. Owing to the generality of this model class,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-30 Eli Sennesh , Adam Ścibior , Hao Wu , Jan-Willem van de Meent

This thesis proposes a combinatorial generalization of a nilpotent operator on a vector space. The resulting object is highly natural, with basic connections to a variety of fields in pure mathematics, engineering, and the sciences. For the…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-21 Gregory Henselman-Petrusek