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We explore the use of small language models (SLMs) for automatic question generation as a complement to the prevalent use of their large counterparts in learning analytics research. We present a novel question generation pipeline that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Yumou Wei , John Stamper , Paulo F. Carvalho

The recent trend in the Large Vision and Language model has brought a new change in how information extraction systems are built. VLMs have set a new benchmark with their State-of-the-art techniques in understanding documents and building…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Dipankar Medhi

Misleading or false information has been creating chaos in some places around the world. To mitigate this issue, many researchers have proposed automated fact-checking methods to fight the spread of fake news. However, most methods cannot…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Jing Yang , Didier Vega-Oliveros , Taís Seibt , Anderson Rocha

Research has shown the effectiveness of reasoning (e.g., Chain-of-Thought), planning (e.g., SelfAsk), and retrieval augmented generation strategies to improve the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) on various tasks, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Tanmay Parekh , Pradyot Prakash , Alexander Radovic , Akshay Shekher , Denis Savenkov

Deep learning methods that extract answers for non-factoid questions from QA sites are seen as critical since they can assist users in reaching their next decisions through conversations with AI systems. The current methods, however, have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-24 Makoto Nakatsuji

The ability to ask questions is important in both human and machine intelligence. Learning to ask questions helps knowledge acquisition, improves question-answering and machine reading comprehension tasks, and helps a chatbot to keep the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-06 Bang Liu , Haojie Wei , Di Niu , Haolan Chen , Yancheng He

Question answering systems are recognized as popular and frequently effective means of information seeking on the web. In such systems, information seekers can receive a concise response to their query by presenting their questions in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Giovanni Maria Biancofiore , Yashar Deldjoo , Tommaso Di Noia , Eugenio Di Sciascio , Fedelucio Narducci

Natural Language Search (NLS) extends the capabilities of search engines that perform keyword search allowing users to issue queries in a more "natural" language. The engine tries to understand the meaning of the queries and to map the…

Question answering system can be seen as the next step in information retrieval, allowing users to pose question in natural language and receive compact answers. For the Question answering system to be successful, research has shown that…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2013-07-29 Renu Mudgal , Rosy Madaan , A. K. Sharma , Ashutosh Dixit

Predicting the answer to a product-related question is an emerging field of research that recently attracted a lot of attention. Answering subjective and opinion-based questions is most challenging due to the dependency on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-20 Ohad Rozen , David Carmel , Avihai Mejer , Vitaly Mirkis , Yftah Ziser

Integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) into complex software systems enables the generation of human-understandable explanations of opaque AI processes, such as automated task planning. However, the quality and reliability of these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Gricel Vázquez , Alexandros Evangelidis , Sepeedeh Shahbeigi , Radu Calinescu , Simos Gerasimou

Question answering (Q/A) can be formulated as a generative task (Mitra, 2017) where the task is to generate an answer given the question and the passage (knowledge, if available). Recent advances in QA task is focused a lot on language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Jyothir S , Zuhaib Akhtar

In Knowledge Management, variations in information expressions have proven a real challenge. In particular, classical semantic relations (e.g. synonymy) do not connect words with different parts-of-speech. The method proposed tries to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2010-10-28 Bernard Jacquemin

In Natural Language Understanding, the task of response generation is usually focused on responses to short texts, such as tweets or a turn in a dialog. Here we present a novel task of producing a critical response to a long argumentative…

In settings from fact-checking to question answering, we frequently want to know whether a collection of evidence (premises) entails a hypothesis. Existing methods primarily focus on the end-to-end discriminative version of this task, but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Kaj Bostrom , Zayne Sprague , Swarat Chaudhuri , Greg Durrett

Natural language generation (NLG) is a critical component of spoken dialogue and it has a significant impact both on usability and perceived quality. Most NLG systems in common use employ rules and heuristics and tend to generate rigid and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-08-27 Tsung-Hsien Wen , Milica Gasic , Nikola Mrksic , Pei-Hao Su , David Vandyke , Steve Young

We propose a large language model explainability technique for obtaining faithful natural language explanations by grounding the explanations in a reasoning process. When converted to a sequence of tokens, the outputs of the reasoning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Vojtech Cahlik , Rodrigo Alves , Pavel Kordik

Humans apprehend the world through various sensory modalities, yet language is their predominant communication channel. Machine learning systems need to draw on the same multimodal richness to have informed discourses with humans in natural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-25 Min Wang , Ata Mahjoubfar , Anupama Joshi

Question answering (QA) has become an important application in the advanced development of large language models. General pre-trained large language models for question-answering are not trained to properly understand the knowledge or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Sanat Sharma , David Seunghyun Yoon , Franck Dernoncourt , Dewang Sultania , Karishma Bagga , Mengjiao Zhang , Trung Bui , Varun Kotte

Despite end-to-end neural systems making significant progress in the last decade for task-oriented as well as chit-chat based dialogue systems, most dialogue systems rely on hybrid approaches which use a combination of rule-based, retrieval…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-07 Ashish Shrivastava , Kaustubh Dhole , Abhinav Bhatt , Sharvani Raghunath