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In this article, I introduce ideas and techniques to extract information about the equation of state of matter at very high densities from gravitational waves emitted before, during and after the merger of binary neutron stars. I also…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-09-30 Luca Baiotti

Gravitational wave-forms from coalescences of binary black hole systems and binary neutron star systems with low tidal effects can hardly be distinguished if the two systems have similar masses. In the absence of discriminating power based…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-04-13 J. -F. Coupechoux , A. Arbey , R. Chierici , H. Hansen , J. Margueron , V. Sordini

Gravitational waves from the merger of two neutron stars cannot be easily distinguished from those produced by a comparable-mass mixed binary in which one of the companions is a black hole. Low-mass black holes are interesting because they…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-07-29 Margherita Fasano , Kaze W. K. Wong , Andrea Maselli , Emanuele Berti , Valeria Ferrari , Bangalore S. Sathyaprakash

The observation of gravitational waves from an asymmetric binary opens the possibility for heavy neutron stars, but these pose challenges to models of the neutron star equation of state. We construct heavy neutron stars by introducing…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-01-04 Hung Tan , Jacquelyn Noronha-Hostler , Nico Yunes

Gravitational waves from binary neutron star (BNS) and black hole/neutron star (BHNS) inspirals are primary sources for detection by the Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory. The tidal forces acting on the neutron…

Gravitational wave and electromagnetic observations can provide new insights into the nature of matter at supra-nuclear densities inside neutron stars. Improvements in electromagnetic and gravitational wave sensing instruments continue to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-04-24 Shawn Rosofsky , Roman Gold , Cecilia Chirenti , E. A. Huerta , M. Coleman Miller

The gravitational-wave signal from the merger of two neutron stars cannot be easily differentiated from the signal produced by a comparable-mass mixed binary of a neutron star and a black hole. Indeed, both binary types can account for the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-04-24 Hsin-Yu Chen , Katerina Chatziioannou

The gravitational wave and electromagnetic signatures connected to the merger of two neutron stars allow us to test the nature of matter at supranuclear densities. Since the Equation of State governing the interior of neutron stars is only…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-08-09 Henrique Gieg , Tim Dietrich , Maximiliano Ujevic

Explaining gravitational-wave (GW) observations of binary neutron star (BNS) mergers requires an understanding of matter beyond nuclear saturation density. Our current knowledge of the properties of high-density matter relies on…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-03-15 Giuseppe Rivieccio , Davide Guerra , Milton Ruiz , José A. Font

Gravitational waves from neutron star binary inspirals contain information about the equation of state of supranuclear matter. In the absence of definitive experimental evidence that determines the correct equation of state, a number of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-11-05 Katerina Chatziioannou , Kent Yagi , Antoine Klein , Neil Cornish , Nicolas Yunes

This paper is to introduce a new software called CBwaves which provides a fast and accurate computational tool to determine the gravitational waveforms yielded by generic spinning binaries of neutron stars and/or black holes on eccentric…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-02-13 Péter Csizmadia , Gergely Debreczeni , István Rácz , Mátyás Vasúth

The first detection of gravitational waves from a binary neutron star merger (GW170817) and the accompanying electromagnetic emission has impressively advanced our understanding of the merger process and has set some first constraints on…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-02-05 Andreas Bauswein , Nikolaos Stergioulas

The historical detection of gravitational waves from the binary neutron star merger GW170817 is providing fundamental new insights into the astrophysical site for the creation of the heaviest elements in the cosmos and on the equation of…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2024-03-26 J. Piekarewicz

The groundbreaking discoveries of gravitational waves from binary black-hole mergers and, most recently, coalescing neutron stars started a new era of Multi-Messenger Astrophysics and revolutionized our understanding of the Cosmos. Machine…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-08 Plamen G. Krastev

Gravitational wave observations can potentially measure properties of neutron star equations of state by measuring departures from the point-particle limit of the gravitational waveform produced in the late inspiral of a neutron star…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-10-19 Charalampos Markakis , Jocelyn S. Read , Masaru Shibata , Koji Uryu , Jolien D. E. Creighton , John L. Friedman , Benjamin D. Lackey

The first detection of gravitational waves (GWs) from the binary neutron star (NS) inspiral GW170817 has opened a unique channel for probing the fundamental properties of matter at supra-nuclear densities inaccessible elsewhere in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-06-03 Geraint Pratten , Patricia Schmidt , Tanja Hinderer

The properties of neutron star matter above nuclear density are not precisely known. Gravitational waves emitted from binary neutron stars during their late stages of inspiral and merger contain imprints of the neutron-star equation of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-10-04 Charalampos Markakis , Jocelyn S. Read , Masaru Shibata , Koji Uryu , Jolien D. E. Creighton , John L. Friedman

Neutron stars are the densest known objects in the universe and an ideal laboratory for the strange physics of super-condensed matter. Theoretical studies in connection with recent observational data of isolated neutron stars, as well as…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2021-11-09 P. S. Koliogiannis , A. Kanakis-Pegios , Ch. C. Moustakidis

In a recent paper we have deduced the basic equations that predict the emission of gravitational waves (GW) according to the Einstein gravitation theory. In a subsequent paper these equations have been used to calculate the luminosities and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-15 M. Cattani

Determining the equation of state of matter at nuclear density and hence the structure of neutron stars has been a riddle for decades. We show how the imminent detection of gravitational waves from merging neutron star binaries can be used…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-09-05 Kentaro Takami , Luciano Rezzolla , Luca Baiotti