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Coulomb gases are special probability distributions, related to potential theory, that appear at many places in pure and applied mathematics and physics. In these short expository notes, we focus on some models, ideas, and structures. We…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-03-11 Djalil Chafaï

Let $\mathcal{P}_{\beta}^{(V)} (N_{\cal I})$ be the probability that a $N\times N$ $\beta$-ensemble of random matrices with confining potential $V(x)$ has $N_{\cal I}$ eigenvalues inside an interval ${\cal I}=[a,b]$ of the real line. We…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-09-15 Ricardo Marino , Satya N. Majumdar , Gregory Schehr , Pierpaolo Vivo

We compute analytically the joint probability density of eigenvalues and the level spacing statistics for an ensemble of random matrices with interesting features. It is invariant under the standard symmetry groups (orthogonal and unitary)…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-07-21 Zdzisław Burda , Giacomo Livan , Pierpaolo Vivo

A feature of certain ensembles of random matrices is that the corresponding measure is invariant under conjugation by unitary matrices. Study of such ensembles realised by matrices with Gaussian entries leads to statistical quantities…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2009-11-11 P. J. Forrester , N. S. Witte

The eigenvalues of quantum chaotic systems have been conjectured to follow, in the large energy limit, the statistical distribution of eigenvalues of random ensembles of matrices of size $N\rightarrow\infty$. Here we provide semiclassical…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2011-12-07 P. Leboeuf , A. G. Monastra

We study the statistics of the condition number $\kappa=\lambda_{\mathrm{max}}/\lambda_{\mathrm{min}}$ (the ratio between largest and smallest squared singular values) of $N\times M$ Gaussian random matrices. Using a Coulomb fluid…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-19 Isaac Pérez Castillo , Eytan Katzav , Pierpaolo Vivo

Let $T$ be an $n\times n$ truncation of an $(n+\alpha)\times (n+\alpha)$ Haar distributed unitary matrix. We consider the disk counting statistics of the eigenvalues of $T$. We prove that as $n\to + \infty$ with $\alpha$ fixed, the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-05-17 Yacin Ameur , Christophe Charlier , Philippe Moreillon

We study various methods to generate ensembles of random density matrices of a fixed size N, obtained by partial trace of pure states on composite systems. Structured ensembles of random pure states, invariant with respect to local unitary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-27 Karol Zyczkowski , Karol A. Penson , Ion Nechita , Benoit Collins

We consider a quantum system driven out of equilibrium via a small Hamiltonian perturbation. Building on the paradigmatic framework of linear response theory (LRT), we derive an expression for the full generating function of the dissipated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-28 Giacomo Guarnieri , Jens Eisert , Harry J. D. Miller

There has recently been interest in relating properties of matrices drawn at random from the classical compact groups to statistical characteristics of number-theoretical L-functions. One example is the relationship conjectured to hold…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 J. P. Keating , N. Linden , Z. Rudnick

Random Matrix Theory is a powerful tool in applied mathematics. Three canonical models of random matrix distributions are the Gaussian Orthogonal, Unitary and Symplectic Ensembles. For matrix ensembles defined on k-fold tensor products of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-05-06 Michael Brodskiy , Owen L. Howell

We study the fluctuations of the largest eigenvalue $\lambda_{\max}$ of $N \times N$ random matrices in the limit of large $N$. The main focus is on Gaussian $\beta$-ensembles, including in particular the Gaussian orthogonal ($\beta=1$),…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-29 Satya N. Majumdar , Gregory Schehr

We consider the jellium model of $N$ particles on a line confined in an external harmonic potential and with a pairwise one-dimensional Coulomb repulsion of strength $\alpha > 0$. Using a Coulomb gas method, we study the statistics of $s =…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-03-20 Ana Flack , Satya N. Majumdar , Gregory Schehr

In this paper, we introduce the \textbf{G}eneralized \textbf{L}inear \textbf{S}pectral \textbf{S}tatistics (GLSS) of a high-dimensional sample covariance matrix $\bm{S}_n$, denoted as $\operatorname{tr}f(\bm{S}_n)\bm{B}_n$, which…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-03 Yanlin Hu , Qing Yang , Xiao Han

In experiment, the multiplicity distributions of inelastic processes are truncated due to finite energy, insufficient statistics or special choice of events. It is shown that the moments of such truncated multiplicity distributions possess…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-25 I. M. Dremin , V. A. Nechitailo

In this paper we extend the orthogonal polynomials approach for extreme value calculations of Hermitian random matrices, developed by Nadal and Majumdar [1102.0738], to normal random matrices and 2D Coulomb gases in general. Firstly, we…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-03-05 R. Ebrahimi , S. Zohren

It is well known that the joint probability density of the eigenvalues of Gaussian ensembles of random matrices may be interpreted as a Coulomb gas. We review these classical results for hermitian and complex random matrices, with special…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. Leboeuf

We have investigated the proof of the $H$ theorem within a manifestly covariant approach by considering the relativistic statistical theory developed in [Phy. Rev. E {\bf 66}, 056125, 2002; {\it ibid.} {\bf 72}, 036108 2005]. In our…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 R. Silva

Statistical properties of non--symmetric real random matrices of size $M$, obtained as truncations of random orthogonal $N\times N$ matrices are investigated. We derive an exact formula for the density of eigenvalues which consists of two…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2010-10-21 Boris A. Khoruzhenko , Hans-Juergen Sommers , Karol Zyczkowski

Theory of Random Matrix Ensembles have proven to be a useful tool in the study of the statistical distribution of energy or transmission levels of a wide variety of physical systems. We give an overview of certain q-generalizations of the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 K. A. Muttalib , Y. Chen , M. E. H. Ismail