English
Related papers

Related papers: Transparent Human Evaluation for Image Captioning

200 papers

Image captioning evaluation remains a significant challenge, as vision-language models evolve toward more challenging capabilities such as generating long-form and context-rich descriptions. State-of-the-art evaluation metrics involve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Gonçalo Gomes , Bruno Martins , Chrysoula Zerva

The area of automatic image caption evaluation is still undergoing intensive research to address the needs of generating captions which can meet adequacy and fluency requirements. Based on our past attempts at developing highly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-25 Naeha Sharif , Lyndon White , Mohammed Bennamoun , Wei Liu , Syed Afaq Ali Shah

Evaluating the quality of automatically generated image descriptions is challenging, requiring metrics that capture various aspects such as grammaticality, coverage, correctness, and truthfulness. While human evaluation offers valuable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Jia-Hong Huang , Hongyi Zhu , Yixian Shen , Stevan Rudinac , Alessio M. Pacces , Evangelos Kanoulas

The open-ended nature of visual captioning makes it a challenging area for evaluation. The majority of proposed models rely on specialized training to improve human-correlation, resulting in limited adoption, generalizability, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Joshua Feinglass , Yezhou Yang

Referenceless metrics (e.g., CLIPScore) use pretrained vision--language models to assess image descriptions directly without costly ground-truth reference texts. Such methods can facilitate rapid progress, but only if they truly align with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Elisa Kreiss , Eric Zelikman , Christopher Potts , Nick Haber

Visual captioning benchmarks have become outdated with the emergence of modern multimodal large language models (MLLMs), as the brief ground-truth sentences and traditional metrics fail to assess detailed captions effectively. While recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Zhihang Liu , Chen-Wei Xie , Bin Wen , Feiwu Yu , Jixuan Chen , Pandeng Li , Boqiang Zhang , Nianzu Yang , Yinglu Li , Zuan Gao , Yun Zheng , Hongtao Xie

The image captioning task is about to generate suitable descriptions from images. For this task there can be several challenges such as accuracy, fluency and diversity. However there are few metrics that can cover all these properties while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Chao Zeng , Sam Kwong

Establishing an automatic evaluation metric that closely aligns with human judgments is essential for effectively developing image captioning models. Recent data-driven metrics have demonstrated a stronger correlation with human judgments…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Yuiga Wada , Kanta Kaneda , Daichi Saito , Komei Sugiura

Image captioning has long been a pivotal task in visual understanding, with recent advancements in vision-language models (VLMs) significantly enhancing the ability to generate detailed image captions. However, the evaluation of detailed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Qinghao Ye , Xianhan Zeng , Fu Li , Chunyuan Li , Haoqi Fan

Image Captioning (IC) models can highly benefit from human feedback in the training process, especially in cases where data is limited. We present work-in-progress on adapting an IC system to integrate human feedback, with the goal to make…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Aliki Anagnostopoulou , Mareike Hartmann , Daniel Sonntag

Image2Speech is the relatively new task of generating a spoken description of an image. This paper presents an investigation into the evaluation of this task. For this, first an Image2Speech system was implemented which generates image…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-03 Justin van der Hout , Zoltán D'Haese , Mark Hasegawa-Johnson , Odette Scharenborg

Given the accelerating progress of vision and language modeling, accurate evaluation of machine-generated image captions remains critical. In order to evaluate captions more closely to human preferences, metrics need to discriminate between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Koki Maeda , Shuhei Kurita , Taiki Miyanishi , Naoaki Okazaki

The task of image captioning has recently been gaining popularity, and with it the complex task of evaluating the quality of image captioning models. In this work, we present the first survey and taxonomy of over 70 different image…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Uri Berger , Gabriel Stanovsky , Omri Abend , Lea Frermann

As interest grows in generating long, detailed image captions, standard evaluation metrics become increasingly unreliable. N-gram-based metrics though efficient, fail to capture semantic correctness. Representational Similarity (RS)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Xiaofu Chen , Israfel Salazar , Yova Kementchedjhieva

The core objective of image captioning is to achieve lossless semantic compression from visual signals into textual modalities. However, the reliance on manually curated reference texts for evaluation essentially forces models to mimic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Ziyun Chen , Fan Liu , Liang Yao , Chuanyi Zhang , Yuye Ma , Wei Zhou

Image captioning studies heavily rely on automatic evaluation metrics such as BLEU and METEOR. However, such n-gram-based metrics have been shown to correlate poorly with human evaluation, leading to the proposal of alternative metrics such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Yuiga Wada , Kanta Kaneda , Komei Sugiura

We present Direct Assessment, a method for manually assessing the quality of automatically-generated captions for video. Evaluating the accuracy of video captions is particularly difficult because for any given video clip there is no…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-21 Yvette Graham , George Awad , Alan Smeaton

Despite considerable progress, state of the art image captioning models produce generic captions, leaving out important image details. Furthermore, these systems may even misrepresent the image in order to produce a simpler caption…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-10 Zeyu Wang , Berthy Feng , Karthik Narasimhan , Olga Russakovsky

Human evaluation is critical for validating the performance of text-to-image generative models, as this highly cognitive process requires deep comprehension of text and images. However, our survey of 37 recent papers reveals that many works…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Mayu Otani , Riku Togashi , Yu Sawai , Ryosuke Ishigami , Yuta Nakashima , Esa Rahtu , Janne Heikkilä , Shin'ichi Satoh

Current metrics for video captioning are mostly based on the text-level comparison between reference and candidate captions. However, they have some insuperable drawbacks, e.g., they cannot handle videos without references, and they may…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Yaya Shi , Xu Yang , Haiyang Xu , Chunfeng Yuan , Bing Li , Weiming Hu , Zheng-Jun Zha