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Writing well requires not only expressing ideas but also refining them through revision, a process facilitated by reflection. Prior research suggests that feedback delivered through dialogues, such as those in writing center tutoring…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Jiho Kim , Philippe Laban , Xiang 'Anthony' Chen , Kenneth C. Arnold

Recently, several multi-turn dialogue benchmarks have been proposed to evaluate the conversational abilities of large language models (LLMs). As LLMs are increasingly recognized as a key technology for advancing intelligent education, owing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Shouang Wei , Min Zhang , Xin Lin , Bo Jiang , Zhongxiang Dai , Kun Kuang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated the ability to generate formative feedback and instructional hints in English, making them increasingly relevant for AI-assisted education. However, their ability to provide effective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Junior Cedric Tonga , KV Aditya Srivatsa , Kaushal Kumar Maurya , Fajri Koto , Ekaterina Kochmar

Recently, large language models (LLMs) enhanced by self-reflection have achieved promising performance on machine translation. The key idea is guiding LLMs to generate translation with human-like feedback. However, existing self-reflection…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Andong Chen , Lianzhang Lou , Kehai Chen , Xuefeng Bai , Yang Xiang , Muyun Yang , Tiejun Zhao , Min Zhang

As multi-turn dialogues with large language models (LLMs) grow longer and more complex, how can users better evaluate and review progress on their conversational goals? We present OnGoal, an LLM chat interface that helps users better manage…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Adam Coscia , Shunan Guo , Eunyee Koh , Alex Endert

The popularity of Large Language Models (LLMs) have unleashed a new age ofLanguage Agents for solving a diverse range of tasks. While contemporary frontier LLMs are capable enough to power reasonably good Language agents, the closed-API…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Priyanshu Gupta , Shashank Kirtania , Ananya Singha , Sumit Gulwani , Arjun Radhakrishna , Sherry Shi , Gustavo Soares

Designing good reflection questions is pedagogically important but time-consuming and unevenly supported across teachers. This paper introduces a reflection-in-reflection framework for automated generation of reflection questions with large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Ondřej Holub , Essi Ryymin , Rodrigo Alves

In this study, we investigate the combination of indicators, including performance, behavioral engagement, and emotional engagement, to identify students experiencing difficulties. We analyzed data from two primary sources: digital traces…

Large language models (LLMs) have been increasingly used to interact with external environments (e.g., games, compilers, APIs) as goal-driven agents. However, it remains challenging for these language agents to quickly and efficiently learn…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Noah Shinn , Federico Cassano , Edward Berman , Ashwin Gopinath , Karthik Narasimhan , Shunyu Yao

Recent progress in large language models (LLMs) has outpaced the development of effective evaluation methods. Traditional benchmarks rely on task-specific metrics and static datasets, which often suffer from fairness issues, limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yuhang Zhou , Xutian Chen , Yixin Cao , Yuchen Ni , Yu He , Siyu Tian , Xiang Liu , Jian Zhang , Chuanjun Ji , Guangnan Ye , Xipeng Qiu

Teacher-student interaction (TSI) is essential for learning efficiency and harmonious teacher-student interpersonal relationships. However, studies on TSI support tools often focus on teacher needs while neglecting student needs and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Guang Jiang , Jiahui Zhu , Yunsong Li , Pengcheng An , Yunlong Wang

Personalized chatbot-based teaching assistants can be crucial in addressing increasing classroom sizes, especially where direct teacher presence is limited. Large language models (LLMs) offer a promising avenue, with increasing research…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Harsh Kumar , Ilya Musabirov , Mohi Reza , Jiakai Shi , Xinyuan Wang , Joseph Jay Williams , Anastasia Kuzminykh , Michael Liut

The capability of large language models (LLMs) to generate, debug, and explain code has sparked the interest of researchers and educators in undergraduate programming, with many anticipating their transformative potential in programming…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Aadarsh Padiyath , Xinying Hou , Amy Pang , Diego Viramontes Vargas , Xingjian Gu , Tamara Nelson-Fromm , Zihan Wu , Mark Guzdial , Barbara Ericson

"Learning by Teaching (LbT)" helps learners deepen their understanding by explaining concepts to others, with questions playing a vital role in identifying knowledge gaps and reinforcing comprehension. However, existing systems for…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Tokio Uchida , Ko Watanabe , Andrew Vargo , Shoya Ishimaru , Ralph L. Rose , Ayaka Sugawara , Andreas Dengel , Koichi Kise

The arrival of AI tools and in particular Large Language Models (LLMs) has had a transformative impact on teaching and learning and institutes are still trying to determine how to integrate LLMs into education in constructive ways. Here, we…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Steven Watterson , Sarah Atkinson , Elaine Murray , Andrew McDowell

Chatbots' role in fostering self-reflection is now widely recognized, especially in inducing users' behavior change. While the benefits of 24/7 availability, scalability, and consistent responses have been demonstrated in contexts such as…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Riku Arakawa , Hiromu Yakura

We evaluate the effectiveness of LLM-Tutor, a large language model (LLM)-powered tutoring system that combines an AI-based proof-review tutor for real-time feedback on proof-writing and a chatbot for mathematics-related queries. Our…

Recent advances in video multimodal large language models (Video MLLMs) have significantly enhanced video understanding and multi-modal interaction capabilities. While most existing systems operate in a turn-based manner where the model can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yueqian Wang , Songxiang Liu , Disong Wang , Nuo Xu , Guanglu Wan , Huishuai Zhang , Dongyan Zhao

People have long hoped for a conversational system that can assist in real-life situations, and recent progress on large language models (LLMs) is bringing this idea closer to reality. While LLMs are often impressive in performance, their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Linkai Peng , Baorian Nuchged , Yingming Gao

Advances in large language models (LLMs) enable many new innovations in education. However, evaluating the effectiveness of new technology requires real students, which is time-consuming and hard to scale up. Therefore, many recent works on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Alexander Scarlatos , Jaewook Lee , Simon Woodhead , Andrew Lan