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Vision Transformers (ViTs) have emerged as powerful models in the field of computer vision, delivering superior performance across various vision tasks. However, the high computational complexity poses a significant barrier to their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Xinjian Wu , Fanhu Zeng , Xiudong Wang , Xinghao Chen

Recently, Transformers have shown promising performance in various vision tasks. However, the high costs of global self-attention remain challenging for Transformers, especially for high-resolution vision tasks. Inspired by one of the most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Zhemin Zhang , Xun Gong

Visual Transformers (VTs) are emerging as an architectural paradigm alternative to Convolutional networks (CNNs). Differently from CNNs, VTs can capture global relations between image elements and they potentially have a larger…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Yahui Liu , Enver Sangineto , Wei Bi , Nicu Sebe , Bruno Lepri , Marco De Nadai

Vision transformers (ViT) have been shown to allow for more flexible feature detection and can outperform convolutional neural network (CNN) when pre-trained on sufficient data. Due to their promising feature detection capabilities, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Nghia , Nguyen , Amer Wahed , Andy Quesada , Yasir Ali , Hanadi El Achi , Y. Helen Zhang , Jocelyn Ursua , Alex Banerjee , Sahib Kalra , L. Jeffrey Medeiros , Jie Xu

Estimating heterogeneous treatment effect (HTE) for survival outcomes has gained increasing attention, as it captures the variation in treatment efficacy across patients or subgroups in delaying disease progression. However, most existing…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-27 Na Bo , Ying Ding

Self-supervision has shown outstanding results for natural language processing, and more recently, for image recognition. Simultaneously, vision transformers and its variants have emerged as a promising and scalable alternative to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Prarthana Bhattacharyya , Chenge Li , Xiaonan Zhao , István Fehérvári , Jason Sun

Existing computer vision research in categorization struggles with fine-grained attributes recognition due to the inherently high intra-class variances and low inter-class variances. SOTA methods tackle this challenge by locating the most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-01 Marcos V. Conde , Kerem Turgutlu

With the success of Vision Transformers (ViTs) in computer vision tasks, recent arts try to optimize the performance and complexity of ViTs to enable efficient deployment on mobile devices. Multiple approaches are proposed to accelerate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Yanyu Li , Ju Hu , Yang Wen , Georgios Evangelidis , Kamyar Salahi , Yanzhi Wang , Sergey Tulyakov , Jian Ren

In recent years, vision transformers (ViTs) have emerged as powerful and promising techniques for computer vision tasks such as image classification, object detection, and segmentation. Unlike convolutional neural networks (CNNs), which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Shaibal Saha , Lanyu Xu

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have shown promising performance compared with Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), but the training of ViTs is much harder than CNNs. In this paper, we define several metrics, including Dynamic Data Proportion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Benjia Zhou , Pichao Wang , Jun Wan , Yanyan Liang , Fan Wang

We develop a marginal treatment effect based method to learn about causal effects in multiple treatment models with discrete instruments. We allow selection into treatment to be governed by a general class of threshold crossing models that…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-01-21 Vishal Kamat , Samuel Norris , Matthew Pecenco

Randomized experimentation (also known as A/B testing or bucket testing) is widely used in the internet industry to measure the metric impact obtained by different treatment variants. A/B tests identify the treatment variant showing the…

Advances in deep learning are re-defining how visual data is processed and understand by the machines. Vision Transformers (ViTs) have recently demonstrated prominent performance in computer vision related tasks. However, their performance…

Vision transformers are nowadays the de-facto choice for image classification tasks. There are two broad categories of classification tasks, fine-grained and coarse-grained. In fine-grained classification, the necessity is to discover…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Mohit Vaishnav , Thomas Fel , Ivań Felipe Rodríguez , Thomas Serre

We address the task of weakly-supervised few-shot image classification and segmentation, by leveraging a Vision Transformer (ViT) pretrained with self-supervision. Our proposed method takes token representations from the self-supervised ViT…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Dahyun Kang , Piotr Koniusz , Minsu Cho , Naila Murray

Subgroup analysis of treatment effects plays an important role in applications from medicine to public policy to recommender systems. It allows physicians (for example) to identify groups of patients for whom a given drug or treatment is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-20 Hyun-Suk Lee , Yao Zhang , William Zame , Cong Shen , Jang-Won Lee , Mihaela van der Schaar

This study examines the capabilities of the Vision Transformer (ViT) model in generating visual embeddings for images of auto parts sourced from online marketplaces, such as Craigslist and OfferUp. By focusing exclusively on single-modality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Cameron Armijo , Pablo Rivas

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have demonstrated remarkable potential in image processing tasks by utilizing self-attention mechanisms to capture global relationships within data. However, their scalability is hindered by significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Huy Trinh , Rebecca Ma , Zeqi Yu , Tahsin Reza

Subgroup analysis is a frequently used tool for evaluating heterogeneity of treatment effect and heterogeneity in treatment harm across observed baseline patient characteristics. While treatment efficacy and adverse event measures are often…

Applications · Statistics 2018-08-14 Nicholas C. Henderson , Ravi Varadhan

Precision oncology aims to prescribe the optimal cancer treatment to the right patients, maximizing therapeutic benefits. However, identifying patient subgroups that may benefit more from experimental cancer treatments based on randomized…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-06 Xingyu Li , Qing Liu , Tony Jiang , Hong Amy Xia , Peng Wei , Brian P. Hobbs