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We demonstrate several techniques to encourage practical uses of neural networks for fluid flow estimation. In the present paper, three perspectives which are remaining challenges for applications of machine learning to fluid dynamics are…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-05-19 Masaki Morimoto , Kai Fukami , Kai Zhang , Koji Fukagata

Continuous normalizing flows (CNFs) are a generative method for learning probability distributions, which is based on ordinary differential equations. This method has shown remarkable empirical success across various applications, including…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-04-02 Yuan Gao , Jian Huang , Yuling Jiao , Shurong Zheng

Energy-based models (EBMs) are versatile density estimation models that directly parameterize an unnormalized log density. Although very flexible, EBMs lack a specified normalization constant of the model, making the likelihood of the model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Louis Grenioux , Éric Moulines , Marylou Gabrié

Using a geometric averaging procedure applied to a non-affine linear connection, we prove that for a narrow one particle distribution function and in the ultra-relativistic limit, a bunch of point charged particles can be described by a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-11-07 Ricardo Gallego Torrome

Normalizing flows are an established approach for modelling complex probability densities through invertible transformations from a base distribution. However, the accuracy with which the target distribution can be captured by the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-02 Harry Bevins , Will Handley , Thomas Gessey-Jones

We apply Continuous Normalizing Flows trained with the Flow Matching method to the problem of phase-space sampling in Monte Carlo event generation for high-energy collider physics. Focusing on lepton-pair and top quark pair production with…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-04-07 Enrico Bothmann , Timo Janßen , Max Knobbe , Bernhard Schmitzer , Fabian Sinz

Applications of normalizing flows to the sampling of field configurations in lattice gauge theory have so far been explored almost exclusively in two space-time dimensions. We report new algorithmic developments of gauge-equivariant flow…

Reduced-order modelling and system identification can help us figure out the elementary degrees of freedom and the underlying mechanisms from the high-dimensional and nonlinear dynamics of fluid flow. Machine learning has brought new…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-04-13 Nan Deng , Luc R. Pastur , Bernd R. Noack

Using molecular dynamics simulations we study the temperature-density phase diagram of a simple model system of particles in two dimensions. In addition to translational degrees of freedom, each particle has two internal states and…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2013-05-29 Chandana Mondal , Surajit Sengupta

The general Ericksen-Leslie system for the flow of nematic liquid crystals is reconsidered in the non-isothermal case aiming for thermodynamically consistent models. The non-isothermal model is then investigated analytically. A fairly…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-04-07 Matthias Hieber , Jan Pruess

Normalizing flows transform a latent distribution through an invertible neural network for a flexible and pleasingly simple approach to generative modelling, while preserving an exact likelihood. We propose FlowGMM, an end-to-end approach…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Pavel Izmailov , Polina Kirichenko , Marc Finzi , Andrew Gordon Wilson

Modelling the sudden depressurisation of superheated liquids through nozzles is a challenge because the pressure drop causes rapid flash boiling of the liquid. The resulting jet usually demonstrates a wide range of structures, including…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-12-15 David Schmidt , Romit Maulik , Konstantinos G. Lyras

Normalizing Flows (NF) are Generative models which transform a simple prior distribution into the desired target. They however require the design of an invertible mapping whose Jacobian determinant has to be computable. Recently introduced,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Vincent Souveton , Arnaud Guillin , Jens Jasche , Guilhem Lavaux , Manon Michel

This work develops a framework to apply normalizing-flow transformations of field configurations for all-orders Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) corrections in lattice field theory. This opens a new possibility to determine all-order…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2026-05-22 Nils Hermansson-Truedsson , Gurtej Kanwar

A normalizing flow models a complex probability density as an invertible transformation of a simple density. The invertibility means that we can evaluate densities and generate samples from a flow. In practice, autoregressive flow-based…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-06 Conor Durkan , Artur Bekasov , Iain Murray , George Papamakarios

In principle, the answer to the posed titular question is undoubtedly 'yes.' But in practice, requisite reference data for homogeneous systems have been obtained with a treatment of intermolecular interactions that is different from that…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-05-02 Dominic Atherton , Angelos Michaelides , Stephen J. Cox

Using a continuous unitary transformation recently proposed by Wegner \cite{Wegner} together with an approximation that neglects irrelevant contributions, we obtain flow equations for Hamiltonians. These flow equations yield a diagonal or…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-22 Stephan Kehrein , Andreas Mielke

We interpret the Lorentz force equation as a geodesic equation associated with a non-linear connection. Using a geometric averaging procedure, we prove that for narrow and smooth one-particle distribution functions whose supports are…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-11-07 Ricardo Gallego Torrome

Stochastic normalizing flows are a class of deep generative models that combine normalizing flows with Monte Carlo updates and can be used in lattice field theory to sample from Boltzmann distributions. In this proceeding, we outline the…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2022-10-10 Michele Caselle , Elia Cellini , Alessandro Nada , Marco Panero

Given the growth in the variety and precision of astronomical datasets of interest for cosmology, the best cosmological constraints are invariably obtained by combining data from different experiments. At the likelihood level, one…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-04 Arrykrishna Mootoovaloo , Carlos García-García , David Alonso , Jaime Ruiz-Zapatero