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Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANN) data structures have widespread applications in machine learning, computational biology, and text processing. The goal of ANN is to preprocess a set S so that, given a query q, we can find a point y…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Samuel McCauley

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) in high-dimensional Euclidean spaces is a fundamental problem with broad applications. Subspace Collision is a newly proposed ANNS framework that provides a novel paradigm for similarity search and…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Jiuqi Wei , Zhenyu Liao , Ruoyu Han , Quanqing Xu , Chuanhui Yang , Themis Palpanas

Approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) search in high dimensions is an integral part of several computer vision systems and gains importance in deep learning with explicit memory representations. Since PQT, FAISS, and SONG started to leverage…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Fabian Groh , Lukas Ruppert , Patrick Wieschollek , Hendrik P. A. Lensch

Approximate $k$ nearest neighbor (AKNN) search in high-dimensional space is a foundational problem in vector databases with widespread applications. Among the numerous AKNN indexes, Proximity Graph-based indexes achieve state-of-the-art…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Liuchang Jing , Mingyu Yang , Lei Li , Jianbin Qin , Wei Wang

This paper studies density-based clustering of point sets. These methods use dense regions of points to detect clusters of arbitrary shapes. In particular, we study variants of density peaks clustering, a popular type of algorithm that has…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Shangdi Yu , Joshua Engels , Yihao Huang , Julian Shun

Nearest neighbor search (NNS) has a wide range of applications in information retrieval, computer vision, machine learning, databases, and other areas. Existing state-of-the-art algorithm for nearest neighbor search, Hierarchical Navigable…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Ishita Doshi , Dhritiman Das , Ashish Bhutani , Rajeev Kumar , Rushi Bhatt , Niranjan Balasubramanian

Modern deep learning models capture the semantics of complex data by transforming them into high-dimensional embedding vectors. Emerging applications, such as retrieval-augmented generation, use approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) search in…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Guoyu Hu , Shaofeng Cai , Tien Tuan Anh Dinh , Zhongle Xie , Cong Yue , Gang Chen , Beng Chin Ooi

Graph-based approaches to nearest neighbor search are popular and powerful tools for handling large datasets in practice, but they have limited theoretical guarantees. We study the worst-case performance of recent graph-based approximate…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Piotr Indyk , Haike Xu

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) is now widely used in various applications, ranging from information retrieval, question answering, and recommendation, to search for similar high-dimensional vectors. As the amount of vector data…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Yuming Xu , Hengyu Liang , Jin Li , Shuotao Xu , Qi Chen , Qianxi Zhang , Cheng Li , Ziyue Yang , Fan Yang , Yuqing Yang , Peng Cheng , Mao Yang

Approximate Nearest-Neighbor Search (ANNS) efficiently finds data items whose embeddings are close to that of a given query in a high-dimensional space, aiming to balance accuracy with speed. Used in recommendation systems, image and video…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Vansh Ramani , Alexis Schlomer , Akash Nayar , Sayan Ranu , Jignesh M. Patel , Panagiotis Karras

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) is a fundamental problem in vector databases and AI infrastructures. Recent graph-based ANNS algorithms have achieved high search accuracy with practical efficiency. Despite the advancements, these…

Recently, much attention has been spent on neural architecture search (NAS), aiming to outperform those manually-designed neural architectures on high-level vision recognition tasks. Inspired by the success, here we attempt to leverage NAS…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Haokui Zhang , Ying Li , Hao Chen , Chengrong Gong , Zongwen Bai , Chunhua Shen

Approximate Nearest Neighbor (ANN) search in high-dimensional Euclidean spaces is a fundamental problem with a wide range of applications. However, there is currently no ANN method that performs well in both indexing and query answering…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Jiuqi Wei , Xiaodong Lee , Zhenyu Liao , Themis Palpanas , Botao Peng

Dense retrieval, which describes the use of contextualised language models such as BERT to identify documents from a collection by leveraging approximate nearest neighbour (ANN) techniques, has been increasing in popularity. Two families of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-08-27 Craig Macdonald , Nicola Tonellotto

This work addresses the problem of billion-scale nearest neighbor search. The state-of-the-art retrieval systems for billion-scale databases are currently based on the inverted multi-index, the recently proposed generalization of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Dmitry Baranchuk , Artem Babenko , Yury Malkov

In the era of cloud computing and AI, data owners outsource ubiquitous vectors to the cloud, which furnish approximate $k$-nearest neighbors ($k$-ANNS) services to users. To protect data privacy against the untrusted server,…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Yingfan Liu , Yandi Zhang , Jiadong Xie , Hui Li , Jeffrey Xu Yu , Jiangtao Cui

Learned sparse representations form an attractive class of contextual embeddings for text retrieval. That is so because they are effective models of relevance and are interpretable by design. Despite their apparent compatibility with…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Sebastian Bruch , Franco Maria Nardini , Cosimo Rulli , Rossano Venturini

Hybrid Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (Hybrid ANNS) is a foundational search technology for large-scale heterogeneous data and has gained significant attention in both academia and industry. However, current approaches overlook the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Qianyun Yang , Zhiwei Chen , Yupeng Hu , Zixu Li , Zhiheng Fu , Liqiang Nie

We present the first systematic investigation of graph reordering effects for graph-based Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) on a GPU. While graph-based ANNS has become the dominant paradigm for modern AI applications, recent…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Yutaro Oguri , Mai Nishimura , Yusuke Matsui

The problem of landmark recognition has achieved excellent results in small-scale datasets. When dealing with large-scale retrieval, issues that were irrelevant with small amount of data, quickly become fundamental for an efficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-18 Federico Magliani , Tomaso Fontanini , Andrea Prati