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As machine learning algorithms getting adopted in an ever-increasing number of applications, interpretation has emerged as a crucial desideratum. In this paper, we propose a mathematical definition for the human-interpretable model. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Weishen Pan , Changshui Zhang

In recent years, deep learning has achieved unprecedented success in various computer vision tasks, particularly in object detection. However, the black-box nature and high complexity of deep neural networks pose significant challenges for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 FatemehSadat Seyedmomeni , Mohammad Ali Keyvanrad

In the complex landscape of multivariate time series forecasting, achieving both accuracy and interpretability remains a significant challenge. This paper introduces the Fuzzy Transformer (Fuzzformer), a novel recurrent neural network…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Miha Ožbot , Igor Škrjanc , Vitomir Štruc

Additive models form a widely popular class of regression models which represent the relation between covariates and response variables as the sum of low-dimensional transfer functions. Besides flexibility and accuracy, a key benefit of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-05-20 Alhussein Fawzi , Mathieu Sinn , Pascal Frossard

In recent years, Explainable AI (xAI) attracted a lot of attention as various countries turned explanations into a legal right. xAI allows for improving models beyond the accuracy metric by, e.g., debugging the learned pattern and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Mohamed Karim Belaid , Eyke Hüllermeier , Maximilian Rabus , Ralf Krestel

A longstanding challenge surrounding deep learning algorithms is unpacking and understanding how they make their decisions. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) offers methods to provide explanations of internal functions of algorithms…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Amin Nayebi , Sindhu Tipirneni , Brandon Foreman , Chandan K. Reddy , Vignesh Subbian

While machine learning techniques have been successfully applied in several fields, the black-box nature of the models presents challenges for interpreting and explaining the results. We develop a new framework called Adaptive Explainable…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-03 Jie Chen , Joel Vaughan , Vijayan N. Nair , Agus Sudjianto

Pre-trained graph models (PGMs) aim to capture transferable inherent structural properties and apply them to different downstream tasks. Similar to pre-trained language models, PGMs also inherit biases from human society, resulting in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Zhongjian Zhang , Mengmei Zhang , Yue Yu , Cheng Yang , Jiawei Liu , Chuan Shi

Prognostics aid in the longevity of fielded systems or products. Quantifying the system's current health enable prognosis to enhance the operator's decision-making to preserve the system's health. Creating a prognosis for a system can be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Ryan Nguyen , Shubhendu Kumar Singh , Rahul Rai

Actionable analytics are those that humans can understand, and operationalize. What kind of data mining models generate such actionable analytics? According to psychological scientists, humans understand models that most match their own…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-03-15 Di Chen , Wei Fu , Rahul Krishna , Tim Menzies

Many risk-sensitive applications require Machine Learning (ML) models to be interpretable. Attempts to obtain interpretable models typically rely on tuning, by trial-and-error, hyper-parameters of model complexity that are only loosely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-29 Marco Virgolin , Andrea De Lorenzo , Eric Medvet , Francesca Randone

Transformations of covariates are widely used in applied statistics to improve interpretability and to satisfy assumptions required for valid inference. More broadly, feature engineering encompasses a wider set of practices aimed at…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-30 Claudia Collarin , Matteo Fasiolo , Yannig Goude , Simon N. Wood

While the need for interpretable machine learning has been established, many common approaches are slow, lack fidelity, or hard to evaluate. Amortized explanation methods reduce the cost of providing interpretations by learning a global…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-03-03 Neil Jethani , Mukund Sudarshan , Yindalon Aphinyanaphongs , Rajesh Ranganath

Among various soft computing approaches for time series forecasting, Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCM) have shown remarkable results as a tool to model and analyze the dynamics of complex systems. FCM have similarities to recurrent neural networks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Omid Orang , Petrônio Cândido de Lima e Silva , Frederico Gadelha Guimarães

It is challenging to scale time series forecasting models such that they forecast accurately for multiple distinct domains and datasets, all with potentially different underlying collection procedures (e.g., sample resolution), patterns…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Luke Darlow , Qiwen Deng , Ahmed Hassan , Martin Asenov , Rajkarn Singh , Artjom Joosen , Adam Barker , Amos Storkey

State-of-the-art methods for explaining predictions from time series involve learning an instance-wise saliency mask for each time step; however, many types of time series are difficult to interpret in the time domain, due to the inherently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Thea Brüsch , Kristoffer K. Wickstrøm , Mikkel N. Schmidt , Robert Jenssen , Tommy S. Alstrøm

Utilizing potent representations of the large vision-language models (VLMs) to accomplish various downstream tasks has attracted increasing attention. Within this research field, soft prompt learning has become a representative approach for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Yequan Bie , Luyang Luo , Zhixuan Chen , Hao Chen

Standard autoregressive seq2seq models are easily trained by max-likelihood, but tend to show poor results under small-data conditions. We introduce a class of seq2seq models, GAMs (Global Autoregressive Models), which combine an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-23 Tetiana Parshakova , Jean-Marc Andreoli , Marc Dymetman

Explainability is essential for neural networks that model long time series, yet most existing explainable AI methods only produce point-wise importance scores and fail to capture temporal structures such as trends, cycles, and regime…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Ziqian Wang , Yuxiao Cheng , Jinli Suo

Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) are commonly considered *interpretable* within the ML community, as their structure makes the relationship between inputs and outputs relatively understandable. Therefore, it may seem natural to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Shahaf Bassan , Michal Moshkovitz , Guy Katz