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Related papers: A Survey on Neural-symbolic Learning Systems

200 papers

Large language models (LLMs) continue to face challenges in reliably solving reasoning tasks, particularly those that require precise rule following, as often found in mathematical reasoning. This paper introduces a novel neurosymbolic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Varun Dhanraj , Chris Eliasmith

Neural-symbolic computing has now become the subject of interest of both academic and industry research laboratories. Graph Neural Networks (GNN) have been widely used in relational and symbolic domains, with widespread application of GNNs…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Luis C. Lamb , Artur Garcez , Marco Gori , Marcelo Prates , Pedro Avelar , Moshe Vardi

Neurosymbolic artificial intelligence (AI) systems combine neural network and classical symbolic AI mechanisms to exploit the complementary strengths of large scale, generalizable learning and robust, verifiable reasoning. Numerous…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Aniruddha Chattopadhyay , Raj Dandekar , Kaushik Roy

Neurosymbolic AI combines the interpretability, parsimony, and explicit reasoning of classical symbolic approaches with the statistical learning of data-driven neural approaches. Models and policies that are simultaneously differentiable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Peter Graf , Patrick Emami

Recent progress in deep reinforcement learning (DRL) can be largely attributed to the use of neural networks. However, this black-box approach fails to explain the learned policy in a human understandable way. To address this challenge and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Zhihao Ma , Yuzheng Zhuang , Paul Weng , Hankz Hankui Zhuo , Dong Li , Wulong Liu , Jianye Hao

The field of neuro-symbolic AI aims to benefit from the combination of neural networks and symbolic systems. A cornerstone of the field is the translation or encoding of symbolic knowledge into neural networks. Although many neuro-symbolic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Simon Odense , Artur d'Avila Garcez

The area of Neurosymbolic Artificial Intelligence (Neurosymbolic AI) is rapidly developing and has become a popular research topic, encompassing sub-fields such as Neurosymbolic Deep Learning (Neurosymbolic DL) and Neurosymbolic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-06 K. Acharya , W. Raza , C. M. J. M. Dourado , A. Velasquez , H. Song

The importance of building neural networks that can learn to reason has been well recognized in the neuro-symbolic community. In this paper, we apply neural pointer networks for conducting reasoning over symbolic knowledge bases. In doing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-06-18 Monireh Ebrahimi , Aaron Eberhart , Pascal Hitzler

Neural-symbolic computing (NeSy), which pursues the integration of the symbolic and statistical paradigms of cognition, has been an active research area of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for many years. As NeSy shows promise of reconciling…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Wenguan Wang , Yi Yang , Fei Wu

Humans have the ability to rapidly understand rich combinatorial concepts from limited data. Here we investigate this ability in the context of auditory signals, which have been evolved in a cultural transmission experiment to study the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-19 Matthias Hofer , Tuan Anh Le , Roger Levy , Josh Tenenbaum

Identifying governing equations for a dynamical system is a topic of critical interest across an array of disciplines, from mathematics to engineering to biology. Machine learning -- specifically deep learning -- techniques have shown their…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-05-07 Nibodh Boddupalli , Timothy Matchen , Jeff Moehlis

This paper develops a novel methodology for using symbolic knowledge in deep learning. From first principles, we derive a semantic loss function that bridges between neural output vectors and logical constraints. This loss function captures…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-06-11 Jingyi Xu , Zilu Zhang , Tal Friedman , Yitao Liang , Guy Van den Broeck

Neurosymbolic AI aims to integrate deep learning with symbolic AI. This integration has many promises, such as decreasing the amount of data required to train a neural network, improving the explainability and interpretability of answers…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Emile van Krieken

A cognitive architecture aimed at cumulative learning must provide the necessary information and control structures to allow agents to learn incrementally and autonomously from their experience. This involves managing an agent's goals as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-12-06 Hugo Latapie , Ozkan Kilic , Kristinn R. Thorisson , Pei Wang , Patrick Hammer

Humans interact with the environment using a combination of perception - transforming sensory inputs from their environment into symbols, and cognition - mapping symbols to knowledge about the environment for supporting abstraction,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Amit Sheth , Kaushik Roy , Manas Gaur

Logic-based machine learning aims to learn general, interpretable knowledge in a data-efficient manner. However, labelled data must be specified in a structured logical form. To address this limitation, we propose a neural-symbolic learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-06 Daniel Cunnington , Mark Law , Alessandra Russo , Jorge Lobo

Neuro-Symbolic Artificial Intelligence -- the combination of symbolic methods with methods that are based on artificial neural networks -- has a long-standing history. In this article, we provide a structured overview of current trends, by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-17 Md Kamruzzaman Sarker , Lu Zhou , Aaron Eberhart , Pascal Hitzler

For vision-and-language reasoning tasks, both fully connectionist, end-to-end methods and hybrid, neuro-symbolic methods have achieved high in-distribution performance. In which out-of-distribution settings does each paradigm excel? We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Wang Zhu , Jesse Thomason , Robin Jia

When neural networks are used to solve differential equations, they usually produce solutions in the form of black-box functions that are not directly mathematically interpretable. We introduce a method for generating symbolic expressions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Maysum Panju , Ali Ghodsi

Recent work on recommender systems has considered external knowledge graphs as valuable sources of information, not only to produce better recommendations but also to provide explanations of why the recommended items were chosen. Pure…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Yikun Xian , Zuohui Fu , Qiaoying Huang , S. Muthukrishnan , Yongfeng Zhang