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Beamforming techniques are considered as essential parts to compensate the severe path loss in millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications by adopting large antenna arrays and formulating narrow beams to obtain satisfactory received powers.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Muhammad Baqer Mollah , Honggang Wang , Hua Fang

With millimeter wave wireless communications, the resulting radiation reflects on most visible objects, creating rich multipath environments, namely in urban scenarios. The radiation captured by a listening device is thus shaped by the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-04-12 João Gante , Gabriel Falcão , Leonel Sousa

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) and terahertz (THz) communication systems require large antenna arrays and use narrow directive beams to ensure sufficient receive signal power. However, selecting the optimal beams for these large antenna arrays…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Shoaib Imran , Gouranga Charan , Ahmed Alkhateeb

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) MIMO systems rely on highly directional beamforming to overcome severe path loss and ensure robust communication links. However, selecting the optimal beam pair efficiently remains a challenge due to the large…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-15 Joseph K. Chege , Arie Yeredor , Martin Haardt

Beamforming techniques are utilized in millimeter wave (mmWave) communication to address the inherent path loss limitation, thereby establishing and maintaining reliable connections. However, adopting standard defined beamforming approach…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Muhammad Baqer Mollah , Honggang Wang , Hua Fang

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) systems use directional beams to support high-rate data communications. Small misalignment between the transmit and receive beams (e.g., due to the mobility) can result in significant drop of the received signal…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-02-13 Dalin Zhu , Junil Choi , Qian Cheng , Weimin Xiao , Robert W. Heath

Accurate beam prediction is a key enabler for next-generation wireless communication systems. In this paper, we propose a multimodal large language model (LLM)-based beam prediction framework that effectively utilizes contextual…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-24 Tianhao Mao , Le Liang , Jie Yang , Xiao Li , Shi Jin , Geoffrey Ye Li

Millimeter-wave (mmwave) communication represents a potential solution to capacity shortage in vehicular networks. However, effective beam alignment between senders and receivers requires accurate knowledge of the vehicles' position for…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-05-21 Zana Limani , Francesco Malandrino , Carla Fabiana Chiasserini , Alessandro Nordio

Supporting high mobility in millimeter wave (mmWave) systems enables a wide range of important applications such as vehicular communications and wireless virtual/augmented reality. Realizing this in practice, though, requires overcoming…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-02-25 Ahmed Alkhateeb , Sam Alex , Paul Varkey , Ying Li , Qi Qu , Djordje Tujkovic

Due to the large bandwidth available, millimeter-Wave (mmWave) bands are considered a viable opportunity to significantly increase the data rate in cellular and wireless networks. Nevertheless, the need for beamforming and directional…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-23 Sara Khosravi , Hossein S. Ghadikolaeiy , Jens Zander , Marina Petrova

Beamforming techniques have been widely used in the millimeter wave (mmWave) bands to mitigate the path loss of mmWave radio links as the narrow straight beams by directionally concentrating the signal energy. However, traditional mmWave…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Kan Zheng , Haojun Yang , Ziqiang Ying , Pengshuo Wang , Lajos Hanzo

Beam alignment is required in millimeter wave communication to ensure high data rate transmission. However, with narrow beamwidth in massive MIMO, beam alignment could be computationally intensive due to the large number of beam pairs to be…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-05 Orikumhi Igbafe , Jeongwan Kang , Henk Wymeersch , Sunwoo Kim

In this paper, we propose BeamLLM, a vision-aided millimeter-wave (mmWave) beam prediction framework leveraging large language models (LLMs) to address the challenges of high training overhead and latency in mmWave communication systems. By…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Can Zheng , Jiguang He , Guofa Cai , Zitong Yu , Chung G. Kang

This paper provides the first real-world evaluation of using visual (RGB camera) data and machine learning for proactively predicting millimeter wave (mmWave) dynamic link blockages before they happen. Proactively predicting line-of-sight…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-04 Gouranga Charan , Ahmed Alkhateeb

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication is considered as a key enabler of ultra-high data rates in the future cellular and wireless networks. The need for directional communication between base stations (BSs) and users in mmWave systems,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-04 Sara Khosravi , Hossein S. Ghadikolaei , Marina Petrova

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSs) require ultra-low end-to-end delays and multi-gigabit-per-second data transmission. Millimetre Waves (mmWaves) communications can fulfil these requirements. However, the increased mobility of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Ioannis Mavromatis , Andrea Tassi , Robert J. Piechocki , Andrew Nix

In order to cope with the severe path loss, millimeter-wave (mm-wave) systems exploit highly directional communication. As a consequence, even a slight beam misalignment between two communicating devices (for example, due to mobility) can…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-12-26 Joan Palacios , Danilo De Donno , Joerg Widmer

Millimeter wave signals and large antenna arrays are considered enabling technologies for future 5G networks. Despite their benefits for achieving high data rate communications, their potential advantages for tracking of the location of the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-07-24 Arash Shahmansoori , Bernard Uguen , Giuseppe Destino , Gonzalo Seco-Granados , Henk Wymeersch

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) networks offer the potential for high-speed data transfer and precise localization, leveraging large antenna arrays and extensive bandwidths. However, these networks are challenged by significant path loss and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Wan-Ting Shih , Chao-Kai Wen , Shang-Ho Tsai , Shi Jin , Chau Yuen

Accurate beam alignment is essential for beam-based millimeter wave communications. Conventional beam sweeping solutions often have large overhead, which is unacceptable for mobile applications like vehicle-to-everything. Learning-based…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Vutha Va , Takayuki Shimizu , Gaurav Bansal , Robert W. Heath