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Consider the task of verifying that a given quantum device, designed to produce a particular entangled state, does indeed produce that state. One natural approach would be to characterise the output state by quantum state tomography; or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-26 Sam Pallister , Noah Linden , Ashley Montanaro

Entanglement is the quintessential quantum phenomenon and a key enabler of quantum algorithms. The ability to faithfully entangle many distinct particles is often used as a benchmark for the quality of hardware and control in a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-13 Ali Javadi-Abhari , Simon Martiel , Alireza Seif , Maika Takita , Ken X. Wei

Entanglement is one of the most studied properties of quantum mechanics for its application in quantum information protocols. Nevertheless, detecting the presence of entanglement in large multipartite sates continues to be a great challenge…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-21 Flavio Baccari , Daniel Cavalcanti , Peter Wittek , Antonio Acín

Graph states are a class of multi-partite entangled quantum states that are ubiquitous in quantum information. We study equivalence relations between graph states under local unitaries (LU) to obtain distinguishing methods both in local and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-12 Lina Vandré , Jarn de Jong , Frederik Hahn , Adam Burchardt , Otfried Gühne , Anna Pappa

Fault-tolerant quantum computation can be achieved by creating constant-sized, entangled resource states and performing entangling measurements on subsets of their qubits. Linear optical quantum computers can be designed based on this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-03 Brendan Pankovich , Alex Neville , Angus Kan , Srikrishna Omkar , Kwok Ho Wan , Kamil Brádler

Non-symmetric GHZ states ($n$-GHZ$_\alpha$), defined by unequal superpositions of $|00...0>$ and $|11...1>$, naturally emerge in experiments due to decoherence, control errors, and state preparation imperfections. Despite their relevance in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-02 Hrachya Zakaryan , Konstantinos-Rafail Revis , Zahra Raissi

Hypergraph states form a family of multiparticle quantum states that generalizes the well-known concept of Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states, cluster states, and more broadly graph states. We study the nonlocal properties of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-02-23 Mariami Gachechiladze , Costantino Budroni , Otfried Gühne

Multipartite entanglement is the key resource allowing quantum devices to outperform their classical counterparts, and entanglement certification is fundamental to assess any quantum advantage. The only scalable certification scheme relies…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-28 Irénée Frérot , Tommaso Roscilde

Graph states are key resources for measurement-based quantum computing, which is particularly promising for photonic systems. Fusions are probabilistic Bell state measurements, measuring pairs of parity operators of two qubits. Fusions can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-21 Matthias C. Löbl , Love A. Pettersson , Stefano Paesani , Anders S. Sørensen

Entanglement is a crucial resource for quantum information processing, and so protocols to generate high fidelity entangled states on various hardware platforms are in demand. While spin chains have been extensively studied to generate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-05 Jan Riegelmeyer , Dan Wignall , Marta P. Estarellas , Irene D'Amico , Timothy P. Spiller

The preparation and certification of quantum states is a fundamental challenge across quantum information technology. We introduce a tomography-free state certification method that lower-bounds the fidelity by estimating expectation values…

Self-testing refers to the fact that, in some quantum devices, both states and measurements can be assessed in a black-box scenario, on the sole basis of the observed statistics, i.e. without reference to any prior device calibration. Only…

In this paper, we study the multipartite entanglement properties of graph states up to seven qubits. Our analysis shows that the generalized concurrence measure is more efficient than geometric entanglement measure for measuring…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-20 Saeed Haddadi , Ahmad Akhound , Mohammad Ali Chaman Motlagh

Decoherence is one of the main obstacles in long-distance quantum communication. Recently, the theoretical work of Fr\"{o}wis and W. D\"{u}r (Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{106}, 110402 (2011)) and the experiment of Lu \emph{et al.} (Nat. Photon.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-05-13 Yu-Bo Sheng , Lan Zhou

Local measurements on bipartite maximally entangled states can yield correlations that are maximally nonlocal, monogamous, and associated to fully random outcomes. This makes these states ideal for bipartite cryptographic tasks.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-30 Leandro Aolita , Rodrigo Gallego , Adán Cabello , Antonio Acín

Local unitary stabilizer subgroups constitute powerful invariants for distinguishing various types of multipartite entanglement. In this paper, we show how stabilizers can be used as a basis for entanglement verification protocols on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-06-20 David W. Lyons , Scott N. Walck

Certifying entanglement of a multipartite state is generally considered as a demanding task. Since an $N$ qubit state is parametrized by $4^{N}-1$ real numbers, one might naively expect that the measurement effort of generic entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-23 Lukas Knips , Christian Schwemmer , Nico Klein , Marcin Wieśniak , Harald Weinfurter

Quantum hypergraph states extend the well-studied class of graph states by taking into account multi-qubit interactions through hyperedges. They provide a powerful framework to represent a family of quantum states with genuine multipartite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-12 Davide Poderini , Dagmar Bruß , Chiara Macchiavello

The proof of Bell's theorem without inequalities by Greenberger, Horne, and Zeilinger (GHZ) is extended to multiparticle multilevel systems. The proposed procedure generalizes previous partial results and provides an operational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 Adan Cabello

We propose a complete architecture for deterministic generation of entangled multiphoton states. Our approach utilizes periodic driving of a quantum-dot emitter and an efficient light-matter interface enabled by a photonic crystal…