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The Wright-Fisher family of diffusion processes is a widely used class of evolutionary models. However, simulation is difficult because there is no known closed-form formula for its transition function. In this article we demonstrate that…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-02 Paul A. Jenkins , Dario Spano

Diffusion Models (DMs), also referred to as score-based diffusion models, utilize neural networks to specify score functions. Unlike most other probabilistic models, DMs directly model the score functions, which makes them more flexible to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Weijian Luo

Diffusion models, which convert noise into new data instances by learning to reverse a diffusion process, have become a cornerstone in contemporary generative modeling. In this work, we develop non-asymptotic convergence theory for a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Gen Li , Yuting Wei , Yuejie Chi , Yuxin Chen

Diffusion models have demonstrated significant promise in various generative tasks; however, they often struggle to satisfy challenging constraints. Our approach addresses this limitation by rethinking training-free loss-guided diffusion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 William Huang , Yifeng Jiang , Tom Van Wouwe , C. Karen Liu

We propose a framework to perform Bayesian inference using conditional score-based diffusion models to solve a class of inverse problems in mechanics involving the inference of a specimen's spatially varying material properties from noisy…

Score-based diffusion models have emerged as one of the most promising frameworks for deep generative modelling. In this work we conduct a systematic comparison and theoretical analysis of different approaches to learning conditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Georgios Batzolis , Jan Stanczuk , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb , Christian Etmann

Diffusion processes with boundaries are models of transport phenomena with wide applicability across many fields. These processes are described by their probability density functions (PDFs), which often obey Fokker-Planck equations (FPEs).…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-09-25 Haozhe Shan , Rubén Moreno-Bote , Jan Drugowitsch

This tutorial provides an in-depth guide on inference-time guidance and alignment methods for optimizing downstream reward functions in diffusion models. While diffusion models are renowned for their generative modeling capabilities,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Masatoshi Uehara , Yulai Zhao , Chenyu Wang , Xiner Li , Aviv Regev , Sergey Levine , Tommaso Biancalani

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable progress on image-to-video (I2V) generation, while their noise-to-data generation process is inherently mismatched with this task, which may lead to suboptimal synthesis quality. In this work, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Yuji Wang , Zehua Chen , Xiaoyu Chen , Yixiang Wei , Jun Zhu , Jianfei Chen

Diffusion models are gaining widespread use in cutting-edge image, video, and audio generation. Score-based diffusion models stand out among these methods, necessitating the estimation of score function of the input data distribution. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Fangzhao Zhang , Mert Pilanci

Diffusion models (DMs), which enable both image generation from noise and inversion from data, have inspired powerful unpaired image-to-image (I2I) translation algorithms. However, they often require a larger number of neural function…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Jeongsol Kim , Beomsu Kim , Jong Chul Ye

Diffusion models are recent state-of-the-art methods for image generation and likelihood estimation. In this work, we generalize continuous-time diffusion models to arbitrary Riemannian manifolds and derive a variational framework for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Chin-Wei Huang , Milad Aghajohari , Avishek Joey Bose , Prakash Panangaden , Aaron Courville

Of primary interest in this paper is the numerical approximation of a time dependent fractional, in space, diffusion equation where the domain is assumed to be nonhomogeneous, having different axial diffusion coefficients. This work is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-12 T. Catoe , V. J. Ervin

Score-based modeling through stochastic differential equations (SDEs) has provided a new perspective on diffusion models, and demonstrated superior performance on continuous data. However, the gradient of the log-likelihood function, i.e.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Haoran Sun , Lijun Yu , Bo Dai , Dale Schuurmans , Hanjun Dai

Diffusion models are a new class of generative models that revolve around the estimation of the score function associated with a stochastic differential equation. Subsequent to its acquisition, the approximated score function is then…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-09-13 Giovanni Conforti , Alain Durmus , Marta Gentiloni Silveri

Diffusion models have quickly risen in popularity for their ability to model complex distributions and perform effective posterior sampling. Unfortunately, the iterative nature of these generative models makes them computationally expensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Tristan S. W. Stevens , Oisín Nolan , Jean-Luc Robert , Ruud J. G. van Sloun

The characterization of particle diffusion is a classical problem in physics and probability theory. The field of microrheology is based on experiments in which microscopic tracer beads are placed into a non-Newtonian fluid and tracked…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-07-03 Gustavo Didier , John Fricks

The present work is devoted to approximation of the statistical moments of the unknown solution of a class of elliptic transmission problems in $\mathbb R^3$ with randomly perturbed interfaces. Within this model, the diffusion coefficient…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-02-28 Alexey Chernov , Duong Pham , Thanh Tran

Despite the remarkable empirical success of score-based diffusion models, their statistical guarantees remain underdeveloped. Existing analyses often provide pessimistic convergence rates that do not reflect the intrinsic low-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-24 Saptarshi Chakraborty , Quentin Berthet , Peter L. Bartlett

Diffusion models have emerged as a powerful framework in generative modeling, typically relying on optimizing neural networks to estimate the score function via forward SDE simulations. In this work, we propose an alternative method that is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-17 Yuehaw Khoo , Mathias Oster , Yifan Peng
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