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Nonlinear electron emission processes induced by surface plasmon oscillations have been studied both experimentally and theoretically. The measured above-threshold electron spectra extend up to energies whose appearance cannot be explained…
An electrical pulse E(t) is completely defined by its time-dependent amplitude and polarisation direction. For optical pulses the manipulation and characterisation of the light polarisation state is fundamental due to its relevance in…
We propose a method for a straightforward characterization of the temporal shape of femtosecond pulses in the extreme-ultraviolet/soft X-ray spectral region. The approach is based on the presence of a significant linear frequency chirp in…
The correlated behavior of electrons determines the structure and optical properties of molecules, semiconductor and other systems. Valuable information on these correlations is provided by measuring the response to femtosecond laser…
The interaction Hamiltonian of an electron and a quasi-monochromatic pulse of a strong quantized electromagnetic field is examined. Canonical transformations of the field variables are found that allow the division of the system's…
Ultrafast transmission electron microscopy (UTEM) has emerged as a versatile technique for the time-resolved imaging of nanoscale dynamics on timescales down to few-hundred attoseconds but the temporal and spatial resolutions are still…
Owing to its numerical simplicity, a two-dimensional two-electron model atom, with each electron moving in one direction, is an ideal system to study non-perturbatively a fully correlated atom exposed to a laser field. Frequently made…
In this article we present a closed analytical description for few-cycle, focused electromagnetic pulses of arbitrary duration and carrier-envelope-phase (CEP). Because of the vectorial character of light, not all thinkable one-dimensional…
Ultrashort electron pulses are crucial for time-resolved electron diffraction and microscopy of fundamental light-matter interaction. In this work, we study experimentally and theoretically the generation and characterization of attosecond…
Since the birth of quantum optics, the measurement of quantum states of nonclassical light has been of tremendous importance for advancement in the field. To date, conventional detectors such as photomultipliers, avalanche photodiodes, and…
Light-pulse atom interferometers rely on the wave nature of matter and its manipulation with coherent laser pulses. They are used for precise gravimetry and inertial sensing as well as for accurate measurements of fundamental constants.…
We discuss in depth the validity and limitations of a theoretical scheme to evaluate photo-electron spectra (PES) through collecting the phase oscillations at a given measuring point. Problems appear if the laser pulse is still active when…
We exploit free-space interactions between electron beams and tailored light fields to imprint on-demand phase profiles on the electron wave functions. Through rigorous semiclassical theory involving a quantum description of the electrons,…
Photons, electrons, and their interplay are at the heart of photonic devices and modern instruments for ultrafast science [1-10]. Nowadays, electron beams of the highest intensity and brightness are created by photoemission with short laser…
Time-resolved photoemission with ultrafast pump and probe pulses is an emerging technique with wide application potential. Real-time recording of non-equilibrium electronic processes, transient states in chemical reactions or the interplay…
An ultrarelativistic electron beam passing through an intense laser pulse emits radiation around its direction of propagation into a characteristic angular profile. Here we show that measurement of the variances of this profile in the…
The pursuit of ever-shorter time scales is a frontier in modern physics, exemplified by the synthesis of attosecond light pulses -- an achievement made possible by coherently superimposing a broad range of photon energies, as required by…
X-ray photoelectron diffraction is a powerful tool for determining the structure of clean and adsorbate-covered surfaces. Extending the technique into the ultrafast time domain will open the door to studies as diverse as the direct…
Free-electron lasers (FEL) in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) and X-ray regime opened up the possibility for experiments at high power densities, in particular allowing for fluence-dependent absorption and scattering experiments to reveal…
Alignment and orientation of molecules by intense, ultrashort laser fields are crucial for a variety of applications in physics and chemistry. These include control of high harmonics generation, molecular orbitals tomography, control of…