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Centrality metrics are a popular tool in Network Science to identify important nodes within a graph. We introduce the Potential Gain as a centrality measure that unifies many walk-based centrality metrics in graphs and captures the notion…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-03-16 Pasquale De Meo , Mark Levene , Fabrizio Messina , Alessandro Provetti

We develop a complete theory for the combinatorics of walk-counting on a directed graph in the case where each backtracking step is downweighted by a given factor. By deriving expressions for the associated generating functions, we also…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Francesca Arrigo , Desmond J. Higham , Vanni Noferini

We interpret the subgraph centrality as the partition function of a network. The entropy, the internal energy and the Helmholtz free energy are defined for networks and molecular graphs on the basis of graph spectral theory. Various…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-05-27 Ernesto Estrada , Naomichi Hatano

Centrality is an important notion in network analysis and is used to measure the degree to which network structure contributes to the importance of a node in a network. While many different centrality measures exist, most of them apply to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2010-06-04 Kristina Lerman , Rumi Ghosh , Jeon Hyung Kang

Centrality, which quantifies the "importance" of individual nodes, is among the most essential concepts in modern network theory. As there are many ways in which a node can be important, many different centrality measures are in use. Here,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-02-03 Aleks J. Gurfinkel , Per Arne Rikvold

Centrality describes the importance of nodes in a graph and is modeled by various measures. Its global analogue, called centralization, is a general formula for calculating a graph-level centrality score based on the node-level centrality…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Jose Mari E. Ortega , Rolito G. Eballe

A network can be analyzed at different topological scales, ranging from single nodes to motifs, communities, up to the complete structure. We propose a novel intermediate-level topological analysis that considers non-overlapping subgraphs…

Computational Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Lucas Antiqueira , Luciano da Fontoura Costa

We propose high-order hypergraph walks as a framework to generalize graph-based network science techniques to hypergraphs. Edge incidence in hypergraphs is quantitative, yielding hypergraph walks with both length and width. Graph methods…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-06-09 Sinan G. Aksoy , Cliff Joslyn , Carlos Ortiz Marrero , Brenda Praggastis , Emilie Purvine

We introduce a quantitative method to compare arbitrary pairs of graph centrality measures, based on the ordering of vertices induced by them. The proposed method is conceptually simple, mathematically elegant, and allows for a quantitative…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-01-26 G. Exarchakos , R. van der Hofstad , O. Nagy , M. Pandey

Given a social network, which of its nodes are more central? This question has been asked many times in sociology, psychology and computer science, and a whole plethora of centrality measures (a.k.a. centrality indices, or rankings) were…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2013-11-08 Paolo Boldi , Sebastiano Vigna

Complex networks or graphs provide a powerful framework to understand importance of individuals and their interactions in real-world complex systems. Several graph theoretical measures have been introduced to access importance of the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-04-08 Priodyuti Pradhan , Angeliya C. U. , Sarika Jalan

Centrality indices are used to rank the nodes of a graph by importance: this is a common need in many concrete situations (social networks, citation networks, web graphs, for instance) and it was discussed many times in sociology,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Paolo Boldi , Flavio Furia , Chiara Prezioso

The topological structure of complex networks has fascinated researchers for several decades, resulting in the discovery of many universal properties and reoccurring characteristics of different kinds of networks. However, much less is…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2017-06-28 Yvonne Anne Pignolet , Matthieu Roy , Stefan Schmid , Gilles Tredan

The topological structure of complex networks has fascinated researchers for several decades, resulting in the discovery of many universal properties and reoccurring characteristics of different kinds of networks. However, much less is…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2017-03-02 Yvonne Anne Pignolet , Matthieu Roy , Stefan Schmid , Gilles Tredan

Retrieving cohesive subgraphs in networks is a fundamental problem in social network analysis and graph data management. These subgraphs can be used for marketing strategies or recommendation systems. Despite the introduction of numerous…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Dahee Kim , Song Kim , Jeongseon Kim , Junghoon Kim , Kaiyu Feng , Sungsu Lim , Jungeun Kim

Today, there exist many centrality measures for assessing the importance of nodes in a network as a function of their position and the underlying topology. One class of such measures builds on eigenvector centrality, where the importance of…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-02-28 James B Glattfelder

Network centrality has important implications well beyond its role in physical and information transport analysis; as such, various quantum walk-based algorithms have been proposed for measuring network vertex centrality. In this work, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-03 Josh A. Izaac , Xiang Zhan , Zhihao Bian , Kunkun Wang , ian Li , Jingbo B. Wang , Peng Xue

A new approach of graph matching is introduced in this paper, which efficiently solves the problem of graph isomorphism and subgraph isomorphism. In this paper we are introducing a new approach called SubGraD, for query graph detection in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-05-23 Akshara Pande , Vivekanand Pant , S. Nigam

We present a novel graph embedding space (i.e., a set of measures on graphs) for performing statistical analyses of networks. Key improvements over existing approaches include discovery of "motif-hubs" (multiple overlapping significant…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Etay Ziv , Robin Koytcheff , Manuel Middendorf , Chris Wiggins

Embedding graph nodes into a vector space can allow the use of machine learning to e.g. predict node classes, but the study of node embedding algorithms is immature compared to the natural language processing field because of a diverse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-20 Kento Nozawa , Masanari Kimura , Atsunori Kanemura