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This paper introduces a space-continuous force-based model for simulating pedestrian dynamics. The main interest of this work is the quantitative description of pedestrian movement through a bottleneck. Measurements of flow and density will…
A neutral boundary layer was generated in the laboratory to analyze the mean velocity field and the turbulence field within and above an array of two-dimensional obstacles simulating an urban canopy. Different geometrical configurations…
We discuss the role of elastic stress in the statistical properties of elastic turbulence, realized by the flow of a polymer solution between two disks. The dynamics of the elastic stress are analogous to those of a small scale fast dynamo…
This lecture introduces major physics and technology aspects of accelerator vacuum systems. Following an introduction, in the second section generic vacuum quantities such as pressure, gas density, the gas equation, pumping speed,…
Flowing granular materials often abruptly arrest if not driven by sufficient applied stresses. Such abrupt cessation of motion can be economically expensive in industrial materials handling and processing, and is significantly consequential…
The drainage of particulate foams is studied under conditions where the particles are not trapped individually by constrictions of the interstitial pore space. The drainage velocity decreases continuously as the particle volume fraction…
We examine the dynamics of two coalescing liquid drops in the `inertial regime', where the effects of viscosity are negligible and the propagation of the bridge front connecting the drops can be considered as `local'. The solution fully…
Two-dimensional laminar flow of a viscous fluid induced by peristalsis due to a moving wall wave has been studied previously for a rectangular channel, a circular tube, and a concentric circular annulus. Here we study peristaltic flow in a…
We compare theoretical and simulation results for static and dynamic properties for a model of particles interacting via a spherically symmetric repulsive ramp potential. The model displays anomalies similar to those found in liquid water,…
A canonical problem of axially strained flow in a duct of circular-sector cross-section, with fluid injection through the circular arc, is examined for a range of Reynolds numbers and sector angles. At small Reynolds numbers, the flow…
Hydrodynamic forces acting on a neutrally-buoyant spherical particle immersed in a wall-bounded axisymmetric stagnation point flow (Hiemenz-Homann flow) are predicted, based on a suitable form of the reciprocal theorem. An approximate…
Using essentially our 2011 numerical model of a multi-lymphangion segment of a collecting lymphatic vessel, but augmented by inclusion of a refractory period and definition of a mid lymphangion pressure, we explore the effect of several…
Peristalsis is the driving mechanism behind a broad array of biological and engineered flows. In peristaltic pumping, a wave-like contraction of the tube wall produces local changes in volume which induce flow. Net flow arises due to…
The static as well as the dynamic behaviour of granular material are determined by dynamic {\it and} static friction. There are well known methods to include static friction in molecular dynamics simulations using scarcely understood…
The flow past a fixed finite-length circular cylinder, the axis of which makes a nonzero angle with the incoming stream, is studied through fully-resolved simulations, from creeping-flow conditions to strongly inertial regimes. The…
Liquid has a significant effect on the flow of wet granular assemblies. We explore the effects of liquid induced cohesion on the flow characteristics of wet granular materials. We propose a cohesion-scaling approach that enables invariant…
Peristaltic pumping is hypothesized to drive fluid transport in several physiological systems, including cerebrospinal fluid flow through cerebral perivascular spaces (PVSs). Cerebral PVSs are unique in the context of peristaltic pumping…
Acoustic traps use forces exerted by sound waves to confine and transport small objects. The dynamics of an object moving in the force landscape of an acoustic trap can be significantly influenced by the inertia of the surrounding fluid…
We explore flow of a completely wetting fluid in a funnel, with particular focus on contact line instabilities at the fluid front. While the flow in a funnel may be related to a number of other flow configurations as limiting cases,…
A streamwise-constant model is presented to investigate the basic mechanisms responsible for the change in mean flow occuring during pipe flow transition. Using a single forced momentum balance equation, we show that the shape of the…