Related papers: Logical limit laws for layered permutations and re…

In this note, we give a linear-size translation from formulas of first-order logic into equations of the calculus of relations preserving validity and finite validity. Our translation also gives a linear-size conservative reduction from…

A logic calculus is presented that is a conservative extension of linear logic. The motivation beneath this work concerns lazy evaluation, true concurrency and interferences in proof search. The calculus includes two new connectives to deal…

In this article, we give a precise mathematical meaning to `linear? time' that matches experimental behaviour of the algorithm. The sorting algorithm is not our own, it is a variant of radix sort with counting sort as a subroutine. The true…

We characterize the order of principal congruences of a bounded lattice (also of a complete lattice and of a lattice of length 5) as a bounded ordered set. We also state a number of open problems in this new field.

We suggest new types and interpretation of complex and hypercomplex numbers for which the commutative, associative, and distributive laws and the norm axioms are trivially satisfied.

In this chapter we give a basic overview of known results regarding Craig interpolation for first-order logic as well as for fragments of first-order logic. Our aim is to provide an entry point into the literature on interpolation theorems…

The uniform one-dimensional fragment of first-order logic, U1, is a formalism that extends two-variable logic in a natural way to contexts with relations of all arities. We survey properties of U1 and investigate its relationship to…

Succinctness is a natural measure for comparing the strength of different logics. Intuitively, a logic L_1 is more succinct than another logic L_2 if all properties that can be expressed in L_2 can be expressed in L_1 by formulas of…

We study tree-to-tree transformations that can be defined in first-order logic or monadic second-order logic. We prove a decomposition theorem, which shows that every transformation can be obtained from prime transformations, such as…

We prove a lemma, which we call the Order Ideal Lemma, that can be used to demonstrate a wide array of log-concavity and log-convexity results in a combinatorial manner using order ideals in distributive lattices. We use the Order Ideal…

In the 1980s, category theorists introduced the Lawvere-Tierney $(\leq_{\mathrm{LT}})$ order in the Effective Topos, known to effectively embed the Turing degrees. Understanding its structure is a longstanding open problem in the area. In…

Logical reasoning is central to complex human activities, such as thinking, debating, and planning; it is also a central component of many AI systems as well. In this paper, we investigate the extent to which encoder-only transformer…

Ontologies often require knowledge representation on multiple levels of abstraction, but description logics (DLs) are not well-equipped for supporting this. We propose an extension of DLs in which abstraction levels are first-class citizens…

Superposition rules form a class of functions that describe general solutions of systems of first-order ordinary differential equations in terms of generic families of particular solutions and certain constants. In this work we extend this…

We determine, up to the equivalence of first-order interdefinability, all structures which are first-order definable in the random partial order. It turns out that these structures fall into precisely five equivalence classes. We achieve…

Many kinds of categorical structure require the existence of finite limits, of colimits of some specified type, and of "exactness" conditions between the finite limits and the specified colimits. Some examples are the notions of regular, or…

We show that on an arbitrary collection of objects there is a wide variety of higher order architectures governed by hyperstructures. Higher order gluing, local to global processes, fusion of collections, bridges and higher order types are…

We revisit the work studying homomorphism preservation for first-order logic in sparse classes of structures initiated in [Atserias et al., JACM 2006] and [Dawar, JCSS 2010]. These established that first-order logic has the homomorphism…

We prove that for the intermediate logics with the disjunction property any basis of admissible rules can be reduced to a basis of admissible m-rules (multiple-conclusion rules), and every basis of admissible m-rules can be reduced to a…

Substructural logics are formal logical systems that omit familiar structural rules of classical and intuitionistic logic such as contraction, weakening, exchange (commutativity), and associativity. This leads to a resource-sensitive…