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In recent years, pretrained neural language models (PNLMs) have taken the field of natural language processing by storm, achieving new benchmarks and state-of-the-art performances. These models often rely heavily on annotated data, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Hoang Van

Numerous recent work on unsupervised machine translation (UMT) implies that competent unsupervised translations of low-resource and unrelated languages, such as Nepali or Sinhala, are only possible if the model is trained in a massive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Xuan-Phi Nguyen , Shafiq Joty , Wu Kui , Ai Ti Aw

Although adapting pre-trained language models with few examples has shown promising performance on text classification, there is a lack of understanding of where the performance gain comes from. In this work, we propose to answer this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Hanjie Chen , Guoqing Zheng , Ahmed Hassan Awadallah , Yangfeng Ji

The performance of NLP methods for severely under-resourced languages cannot currently hope to match the state of the art in NLP methods for well resourced languages. We explore the extent to which pretrained large language models (LLMs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Michela Lorandi , Anya Belz

State-of-the-art language models are becoming increasingly large in an effort to achieve the highest performance on large corpora of available textual data. However, the sheer size of the Transformer architectures makes it difficult to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Tycho F. A. van der Ouderaa , Markus Nagel , Mart van Baalen , Yuki M. Asano , Tijmen Blankevoort

In this work, we investigate whether small language models can determine high-quality subsets of large-scale text datasets that improve the performance of larger language models. While existing work has shown that pruning based on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Zachary Ankner , Cody Blakeney , Kartik Sreenivasan , Max Marion , Matthew L. Leavitt , Mansheej Paul

Pre-training large language models (LLMs) necessitates enormous diverse textual corpora, making effective data selection a key challenge for balancing computational resources and model performance. Current methodologies primarily emphasize…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Xiaoxuan Zhu , Zhouhong Gu , Baiqian Wu , Suhang Zheng , Tao Wang , Tianyu Li , Hongwei Feng , Yanghua Xiao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in highly-specialized domains, however challenges are still present in aspects of accuracy and costs. These limitations restrict the usage of existing models in domain-specific tasks. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Iftach Arbel , Yehonathan Refael , Ofir Lindenbaum

We present a novel retrofitting method to induce emotion aspects into pre-trained language models (PLMs) such as BERT and RoBERTa. Our method updates pre-trained network weights using contrastive learning so that the text fragments…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Sapan Shah , Sreedhar Reddy , Pushpak Bhattacharyya

We report two essential improvements in readability assessment: 1. three novel features in advanced semantics and 2. the timely evidence that traditional ML models (e.g. Random Forest, using handcrafted features) can combine with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Bruce W. Lee , Yoo Sung Jang , Jason Hyung-Jong Lee

The transferability of deep neural networks (DNNs) has made significant progress in image and language processing. However, due to the heterogeneity among tables, such DNN bonus is still far from being well exploited on tabular data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Jiahuan Yan , Bo Zheng , Hongxia Xu , Yiheng Zhu , Danny Z. Chen , Jimeng Sun , Jian Wu , Jintai Chen

Pretrained language models (PTLMs) are typically learned over a large, static corpus and further fine-tuned for various downstream tasks. However, when deployed in the real world, a PTLM-based model must deal with data distributions that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Xisen Jin , Dejiao Zhang , Henghui Zhu , Wei Xiao , Shang-Wen Li , Xiaokai Wei , Andrew Arnold , Xiang Ren

For most languages of the world, language model pre-training operates in a data-constrained regime where models must repeat their training data many times, degrading generalization. Two remedies exist: aggressive hyperparameter tuning such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Paul Jeha , Anastasiia Sedova , Louis Béthune , Skyler Seto , Jes Frellsen , Pierre Ablin , Natalie Schluter

Data augmentation has shown its effectiveness in resolving the data-hungry problem and improving model's generalization ability. However, the quality of augmented data can be varied, especially compared with the raw/original data. To boost…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Guanyi Mou , Yichuan Li , Kyumin Lee

Accuracy of English-language Question Answering (QA) systems has improved significantly in recent years with the advent of Transformer-based models (e.g., BERT). These models are pre-trained in a self-supervised fashion with a large English…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Gokul Karthik Kumar , Abhishek Singh Gehlot , Sahal Shaji Mullappilly , Karthik Nandakumar

Pre-trained large language models (LLMs) have become a cornerstone of modern natural language processing, with their capabilities extending across a wide range of applications and languages. However, the fine-tuning of multilingual LLMs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Wanru Zhao , Yihong Chen , Royson Lee , Xinchi Qiu , Yan Gao , Hongxiang Fan , Nicholas D. Lane

While fusing the capacities and advantages of various large language models offers a pathway to construct more powerful and versatile models, a fundamental challenge is to properly select advantageous model during training. Existing fusion…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Tianyuan Shi , Fanqi Wan , Canbin Huang , Xiaojun Quan , Chenliang Li , Ming Yan , Ji Zhang , Minhua Huang , Wu Kai

Adapting large language models (LLMs) to low-resource languages remains a major challenge due to data scarcity and cross-lingual drift. This work presents a two-stage adaptation of Qwen2.5-3B to Tibetan, a morphologically rich and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Lifeng Chen , Ryan Lai , Tianming Liu

Pre-training large-scale language models (LMs) requires huge amounts of text corpora. LMs for English enjoy ever growing corpora of diverse language resources. However, less resourced languages and their mono- and multilingual LMs often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Maria Khvalchik , Mikhail Galkin

The popularity of LLaMA (Touvron et al., 2023a;b) and other recently emerged moderate-sized large language models (LLMs) highlights the potential of building smaller yet powerful LLMs. Regardless, the cost of training such models from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Mengzhou Xia , Tianyu Gao , Zhiyuan Zeng , Danqi Chen
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