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We study sets of pure states in a Hilbert space of dimension d which are mutually unbiased (MU), that is, the squares of the moduli of their scalar products are equal to zero, one, or 1/d. These sets will be called a MU constellation, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-10-21 Stephen Brierley , Stefan Weigert

We prove the following two results relating real mutually unbiased bases and representations of finite groups of odd order. Let $q$ be a power of 2 and $r$ a positive integer. Then we can find a $q^{2r}\times q^{2r}$ real orthogonal matrix…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2017-11-30 Rod Gow

We consider the notion of unitary transformations forming bases for subspaces of $M(d,\mathbb{C})$ such that the square of Hilbert-Schmidt inner product of matrices from the differing bases is a constant. Moving from the qubit case,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-24 Jesni Shamsul Shaari , Rinie N. M. Nasir , Stefano Mancini

Based on maximally entangled states, we explore the constructions of mutually unbiased bases in bipartite quantum systems. We present a new way to construct mutually unbiased bases by difference matrices in the theory of combinatorial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-05 Yajuan Zang , Zihong Tian , Hui-Juan Zuo , Shao-Ming Fei

The connection between maximal sets of mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) in a prime-power dimensional Hilbert space and finite phase-space geometries is well known. In this article we classify MUBs according to their degree of covariance with…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-06-23 Claudio Carmeli , Jussi Schultz , Alessandro Toigo

A complete set of N+1 mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) forms a convex polytope in the N^2-1 dimensional space of NxN Hermitian matrices of unit trace. As a geometrical object such a polytope exists for all values of N, while it is unknown…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ingemar Bengtsson , Asa Ericsson

It is known that real Mutually Unbiased Bases (MUBs) do not exist for any dimension $d > 2$ which is not divisible by 4. Thus, the next combinatorial question is how one can construct Approximate Real MUBs (ARMUBs) in this direction with…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Ajeet Kumar , Rakesh Kumar , Subhamoy Maitra , Uddipto Mandal

We show that a complete set of seven mutually unbiased bases in dimension six, if it exists, cannot contain more than one product basis.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-03-14 Daniel McNulty , Stefan Weigert

We introduce the notion of the unextendible maximally entangled basis (UMEB), a set of orthonormal maximally entangled states in d \times d consisting of fewer that d^2 vectors which have no additional maximally entangled vectors orthogonal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-23 Sergei Bravyi , John A. Smolin

Mutually unbiased bases (MUB) have many applications in quantum information processing and quantum cryptography. Several complex MUB's in $\mathbb{C}^d$ for some dimension $d$ and with larger size have been constructed. On the other hand,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-14 Minghui Yang , Aixian Zhang , Jiejing Wen , Keqin Feng

We show that if a set of four mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) in $\mathbb{C}^6$ exists and contains the identity, then any other basis in the set contains at most two product states and at the same time has Schmidt rank at least three. Here…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-07 Lin Chen , Li Yu

We study the problem of constructing mutually unbiased bases in dimension six. This approach is based on an efficient numerical method designed to find solutions to the quantum state reconstruction problem in finite dimensions. Our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-24 D. Goyeneche

Mutually unbiased bases generalize the X, Y and Z qubit bases. They possess numerous applications in quantum information science. It is well-known that in prime power dimensions N=p^m (with p prime and m a positive integer) there exists a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Thomas Durt

A complete set of N+1 mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) exists in Hilbert spaces of dimension N = p^k, where p is a prime number. They mesh naturally with finite affine planes of order N, that exist when N = p^k. The existence of MUBs for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Ingemar Bengtsson

We establish a connection between the problem of constructing maximal collections of mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) and an open problem in the theory of Lie algebras. More precisely, we show that a collection of m MUBs in K^n gives rise to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. Oscar Boykin , Meera Sitharam , Pham Huu Tiep , Pawel Wocjan

This note is a short elaboration of the conjecture of Saniga et al (J. Opt. B: Quantum Semiclass. 6 (2004) L19-L20) by regarding a set of mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) in a d-dimensional Hilbert space, d being a power of a prime, as an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Metod Saniga , Michel Planat

We show that in a complex d-dimensional vector space, one can find O(d) bases whose elements form a 2-design. Such vector sets generalize the notion of a maximal collection of mutually unbiased bases (MUBs). MUBs have manifold applications…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-05-19 Gary McConnell , David Gross

It has been conjectured that a complete set of mutually unbiased bases in a space of dimension d exists if and only if there is an affine plane of order d. We introduce affine constellations and compare their existence properties with those…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2010-09-17 Stefan Weigert , Thomas Durt

Mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) are highly symmetric bases on complex Hilbert spaces, and the corresponding rank-1 projective measurements are ubiquitous in quantum information theory. In this work, we study a recently introduced…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-16 Máté Farkas , Jędrzej Kaniewski , Ashwin Nayak

The concept of mutually unbiased bases is studied for N pairs of continuous variables. To find mutually unbiased bases reduces, for specific states related to the Heisenberg-Weyl group, to a problem of symplectic geometry. Given a single…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Stefan Weigert , Michael Wilkinson